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yda138 catalog catalog no.:lsi-4da138a20 2005.3 yda138 d- 3 stereo 10w digital audio power amplifier overview yda138 (d-3) is a high efficient digital audio power amplifier ic that operates with a single 12v power supply. an audio power amplifier with a maximum output of 10w (r l =8 ) 2ch or 20w (r l =4 ) 1ch can be configured with one chip. yda138 has a ?pure pulse direct speaker drive circuit? which directly drives speakers while reducing distortion of pulse output signal and reducing noise on the signal, and realizes the highest standard low distortion rate characteristics and low noise characteristics as 10w-class of output digital amplifier ic. in addition, circuit design with fewer external parts can be made depend on the condition of use because corresponds to filter less. yda138 has 50mw (r l =32 ) 2ch class ab headphone amplifiers. yda138 provides over-current protection function for speaker output terminals, ic thermal protection function, pop noise reduction function, and am interference measures function as well as power-down function and output mute function. features digital amplifier ? continuous maximum output 10 w2ch v ddp =12.0v, r l =8 , thd+n=10 % 20 w1ch v ddp =12.0v, r l =4 , thd+n=10 % ? efficiency 88 % v ddp =12.0v, r l =8 , po=10w ? distortion rate (thd+n) 0.02 % v ddp =12.0v, r l =8 , po=1.0w ? s/n ratio 103db v ddp =12.0v, r l =8 , po=10w, vol[1:0]=h,h ? channel separation -70db v ddp =12.0v, r l =8 , vol[1:0]=h,h class ab headphone amplifier ? maximum output 50mw2ch v ddp =12.0v, r l =32 , thd+n=10 % ? distortion rate(thd+n) 0.01 % v ddp =12.0v, r l =32 , p ho =30mw ? s/n ratio 95db v ddp =12.0v, r l =32 , p ho =20mw, vol[1:0]=h,h others ? operating power supply range 9.0v to 13.5v ? multi-channel synchronizing operation by master/slave switching function ? carrier frequency switching function 524khz/466khz ? sleep function with sleepn terminal ? output muting function with muten terminal ? over-current protection function ? thermal protection function ? clock stop detection function ? pop noise reduction function ? am interference measures function ? analog input/btl (bridge-tied load) output ? 42-pin plastic ssop pin lead plating with pd free (YDA138-EZ)
yda138 2 terminal configuration <42-pin ssop top view>
yda138 3 terminal function no. name i/o function voltage tolerance 1 hpor o r-ch headphone output terminal lv 2 avss pow 5v analog ground terminal lv 3 vssbgr pow ground terminal for reference voltage supply lv 4 vrefr o r-ch reference voltage terminal (with external capacitor) lv 5 inr i r-ch analog signal input terminal lv 6 muten i mute control terminal lv 7 pvddpr pow r-ch 12v-line vdd terminal hv 8 outpr o r-ch positive side output terminal hv 9 pvssr pow r-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 10 pvssr pow r-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 11 pvssr pow r-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 12 pvssr pow r-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 13 pvssr pow r-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 14 outmr o r-ch negative side output terminal hv 15 pvddmr pow r-ch 12v-line vdd terminal hv 16 protn o warning signal output terminal (o/d) hv 17 sleepn i sleep control terminal hv 18 dvss pow digital ground terminal lv 19 ckio i/o clock input/output terminal lv 20 xo o ceralock connection terminal *1 lv 21 xi i ceralock connection terminal *1 lv 22 dvdd i digital power supply terminal (connect to refa terminal outside the ic) lv 23 mode0 i operating mode selection terminal lv 24 mode1 i operating mode selection terminal lv 25 mode2 i operating mode selection terminal lv 26 vol0 i input sensitivity setting terminal lv 27 vol1 i input sensitivity setting terminal lv 28 pvddml pow l-ch 12v-line vdd terminal hv 29 outml o l-ch negative side output terminal hv 30 pvssl pow l-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 31 pvssl pow l-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 32 pvssl pow l-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 33 pvssl pow l-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 34 pvssl pow l-ch 12v-line vss terminal hv 35 outpl o l-ch positive side output terminal hv 36 pvddpl pow l-ch 12v-line vdd terminal hv 37 hp i headphone control terminal lv 38 inl i l-ch analog signal input terminal lv 39 vrefl o l-ch reference voltage terminal (with external capacitor) lv 40 pvddreg pow 12v-line pvdd terminal for regulator circuit hv 41 refa o 5v regulator output term inal (with external capacitor) lv 42 hpol o l-ch headphone output terminal lv (note) i: input terminal, o: ou tput terminal, i/o: input/output te rminal, pow: power supply terminal lv: terminal for v reg power supply voltage range as input voltage range. hv: terminal for v ddp power supply voltage range as input voltage range. *1: ceralock which was described above and will be described later is a registered trade mark of murata manufacturing co.,ltd.
yda138 4 block diagram
yda138 5 mode setting ? operating mode sleepn muten hp mode[2:0] out*l out*r hpol hpor protn ckio outline l * * * wl wl wl wl z z sleep mode h l l * wl wl wl wl z - da mute mode *a) h l h * wl wl rf rf z - ha mute mode *a) h h l lll p-h p-h wl wl z - da external clock slave mode *a) h h l llh p-l p-l wl wl z - da external clock slave mode *a) h h l lhl p-h p-h wl wl z - da external clock master mode *a) h h l lhh p-l p-l wl wl z - da external clock master mode *a) h h l hll pls pls wl wl z - da internal clock slave mode *a) h h l hhl pls pls wl wl z - da internal clock master mode *a) h h h * wl wl sig sig z - ha mode *a) h * * ll* - - - - - ckin 4.19mhz clock input h * * lh* - - - - - ckout 4.19mhz clock output h * * hll - - - - - ckin P 500khz input (internal clock) h * * hhl - - - - - ckout P 500khz output (internal clock) note: 1) ?h? and l? means logic level high and logic level low, respectively. 2) ?wl? means output disabled (weak pull-down output). ?rf? means reference level output. ?z? means hi-z. 3) ?p-h? means a carrier clock of 524khz. ?p-l? means a ca rrier clock of 466khz. ?pls ? means a carrier clock of approx. 500khz (internally generated clock). 4) ?sig? means an analog audio signal output. 5) ?ckin? means input of a clock with designated freque ncy. ?ckout? means output of a designated clock. 6) ?da? means digital amplifier. ?ha? means headphone amplifier. 7) each output of out*l, out*r, hpol, hpor, protn, and ckio becomes a state as shown in ?protection mode?, depending on the protection state, when entering protection state from a mode except sleep mode. 8) in monaural mode, out*r signal as shown in the above ?operating mode? becomes the same as out*l signal. and, hpor becomes ?wl.? 9) in operating modes indicated by *a), a state of the output signal becomes a state as shown in ?protection mode? during a protection mode. 10) ?hlh? and ?hhh? of mode[2:0] is reserved for system use. ? protection mode sleepn muten hp mode[2:0] out*l out*r hpol hpor protn ckio outline h h l * wl wl wl wl l z digital amplifier over-current protection h * * * wl wl wl wl l z over-temperature protection h * * * wl wl - - - - clock stop protection h * * * wl wl wl wl z z low volt age malfunction prevention protection h h * * wl wl rf rf - - power supply voltage fluctuation protection note: 1) each protection function operates when input terminal is in the designated logic condition. output terminal becomes a state as shown in th e above during protection mode.
yda138 6 description of operating functions digital amplifier function yda138 has digital amplifiers with analog in put, pwm pulse output, maximum output of 10w (r l =8 ) 2ch. distortion of pwm pulse output signal and noise of the signal is reduced by adopting ?pure pulse direct speaker drive circuit? first stage amplifier gain setting function yda138 is composed of the first stage amplifier with gain se tting control and 18db fixed-gain digital amplifier. gain of the first stage amplifier can be set by vol[1:0] terminal. digital amplifier gain setting vol[1:0] l,l l,h h,l h,h gain 36db 30db 24db 18db input sensitivity 0.14v 0.28v 0.56v 1.12v input impedance 12.1k 22.0k 37.1k 56.5k connect a 1f or more capacitor to the audio signal input terminal (inl and inr) for the rejection of dc signal. and, half voltage of refa terminal voltage (v reg ) is output to the reference volta ge terminals (vrefl and vrefr). connect a 1f or more capacitor to th e terminals for voltage stabilization. carrier clock selection function yda138 can select the followings by using mode[2:0] terminal: selection of internal clock/external clock, selection of master mode/slave mode, selection of carrier clock frequency. mode[2:0] setting and each operating mode mode[2:0] operating mode ckio termi nal ceralock carrier clock frequency l,l,l 524khz l,l,h external clock slave mode 4.19mhz input unnecessary 466khz l,h,l 524khz l,h,h external clock master mode 4.19mhz output necessary 466khz h,l,l internal clock slave mode 500khz input unnecessary 500khz h,l,h reserved h,h,l internal clock master mode 500khz output unnecessary 500khz h,h,h reserved when using in external clock mater mode, connect a 4.19mhz resonator (ceralock) between xi terminal and xo terminal. no external element to xi terminal and xo termin al is necessary, when using in internal clock master mode. when using in multi-channel, use one yda138 (2ch) in master mode and use other yda138 in slave mode. at this time, connect ckio terminal of yda138 used in master mode and th at of yda138 used in slave mode. in addition, select the same clock (either internal clock or external clock) in all yda138. in an application with am tuner, harmonic wave of carrier cl ock and interference of am carrier frequency can be prevented by changing carrier clock frequency. the setting terminal for carrier clock frequency (mode0) can be changed at any timing. the setting terminal for clock mode (m ode2, mode1) should be changed during power-off or sleep mode (sleepn=l).
yda138 7 headphone amplifier function yda138 has class ab single-ended push-pull headphone amplif ier. headphone amplifier mode can be set by setting hp terminal to h. audio signal input terminal and voltage reference terminal is common to digital amplifier. connect dc-cut capacitor to headphone amp lifier output terminal (hpol and hpor). when a headphone amplifier is not used, hp terminal should be "l" and output terminal (hpol, hpor) should be "no connection". first stage amplifier gain setting function headphone amplifier is composed of the first stage amplif ier of which gain setting is possible, and 0db fixed-gain amplifier. gain of the first stage amplifier can be set by vol[1:0] terminal. headphone amplifier gain setting vol[1:0] l,l l,h h,l h,h gain 18db 12db 6db 0db input sensitivity 0.14v 0.28v 0.56v 1.12v input impedance 12.1k 22.0k 37.1k 56.5k control function sleep function when sleepn terminal is l, yda138 enters the sleep mode. in sleep mode, all the circuit functions including 5v regulator are stopped to minimize the consumption current. at this time, output stages of digital amplifier and headphone am plifier are disabled and protn and ckio terminal output becomes ?hi-z?. mute function when muten terminal is set to l while hp terminal is l, yda138 enters the digital amplifier mute mode. in this mode, output stage of digital amplifier is disabled. when muten terminal is set to l while hp terminal is h, yda138 enters the headphone amplifier mute mode. in this mode, output stage of headphone amplifier outputs the reference voltage. headphone selection function when hp terminal is set to h, yda138 enters the headphone amplifier mode. at this time, output stage of digital amplifier is disabled. on the contrary, when hp terminal is set to l, yda138 enters digital amplifier mode. at this time, output of the headphone amplifier output is disabled. when logic of hp terminal is changed, yda138 restarts and as the result of it, all the protection states are cleared. monaural selection function yda138 enters the monaural mode, when connecting vrefr terminal to refa terminal and then connecting inr terminal to avss terminal. in digital amplifier monaural ode, maximum continuous output 20w can be obtained by short-circuiting between outpl terminal and outpr terminal and between outml terminal and outmr terminal to drive 4 load resistor. in headphone amplifier monaural mode, hpoutl terminal outputs signals and hpoutr terminal is disabled.
yda138 8 protection function yda138 has over-current protection function and clock stop protection function as protection functions for the digital amplifier. in addition, it has output current limit function as a protection function for headphone amplifier. moreover, yda138 has thermal protection function, low-voltage malfunction prevention function, and power supply voltage fluctuation protection function commonly. over-current protection function this is a function to make the over-current protection mode (disables the output stage of digital amplifier in addition to the output of l signal to protn terminal) by detection of short- circuiting (ground short/power su pply short/speaker terminal short) in the output stage of digital amplifier. the over-current protection function can be canceled by power off or setting l to sleepn terminal and can be automatically returned after the over-current detection by connection of protn terminal and sleepn terminal. thermal protection function this is a function to make the thermal protection mode (disables the output stage of digital amplifier and headphone amplifier in addition to the output of l signal to protn term inal) by detecting extraordinar y high temperature of yda138. this thermal protection mode can be cancelled by lowering temperature of yda138, power off, or setting l to sleepn terminal and can be automatically returned after the extr aordinary high temperature det ection by connection of protn terminal and sleepn terminal. clock stop protection function this is a function to make the clock stop protection mode (disables the output stage of digital amplifier) when carrier clock frequency was extraordinarily lowere d in digital amplifier mode. the clock stop protection mode can be cancelled by returning carrier clock frequency to the right value. low-voltage malfunction prevention function this is a function to make the low-voltage protection mode (disables the output stage of digital amplifier and headphone amplifier in addition to making ?hi-z? of protn termin al) when voltage at 12v-line power terminal (pvddreg) becomes lower than low-voltage detection threshold voltage (v uvpl ) or voltage at 5v-line power terminal (refa, dvdd) becomes lower than the voltage (v uval ). in addition, when voltage at 12v-line power supply terminal becomes lower than v uvpl, 5v embedded regulator is also disabled. the low-voltage protection mode is cancelled when voltage at each power supply terminal exceeded the low-voltage cancellation threshold voltage (v uvph ,v uvah ). power supply voltage detection function this is a function to make mute mode when voltage at 5v regulator output terminal (refa) fluctuated (v mh ,v ml ) with respect to twice of the voltage of reference terminals (vrefl,vrefr). headphone amplifier output current limit function yda138 headphone amplifier has a current-limit-circuit which limits output current so as not to exceed the limit current (i ochp ). 5v regulator function yda138 outputs 5v to refa terminal when sleepn terminal is h. connect a 1f or more capacitor to refa terminal for voltage stabilization. connect refa terminal to dvdd terminal on a board. and, do not connect the refa terminal to other terminals except for dvdd terminal and yda138 control terminals.
yda138 9 pop noise reduction function the pop noise reduction function works in the following cas es: power-on, power-off, sleep on/off, mute on/off, and switching time between headphone am plifier and digital amplifier. pop noise at the power-on, power-off, and sleep on/off depends on the value of dc-cut capacitor for audio input signal. the smaller the value, the greater the effect on the pop noise reduction; however, 1f of capacitance is recommended in the consideration of the low frequency cutoff. correspond to filter less normally, when lc filter is not used, car rier signal of 50% modulation comes into speaker even in mute state and causes significant loss, and as the result the speaker is heated. generally, 10w speaker or so is considered to have inductance component of not less than 20h. in the modulation method of yda138, duty ratio of the carrier signal is several % in the mute state, so the speaker inductance component can sufficiently inhibit speaker loss without lc filter; therefore, the speaker is not heated. speaker inductance when yda138 is used without lc filter, speaker inductance component reduces speaker loss in the mute state; therefore, use a speaker with inductance component of 20h or more at the carrier clock frequency. lc filter when connecting lc filters to yda138, make the following lc filter circuit. use the following constant in accordance with speaker impedance. by using the following constant, low-pa ss filter with cutoff frequency= 50khz or so, q=0.7 or so is configured. lc filter constant rl l1 c1 c2 4 10h 0.47f 0.01f 8 22h 0.22f 0.01f 16 47h 0.11f 0.01f
yda138 10 allowable dissipation the power dissipation of yda138 is limited by the junction temperature rating (125 ) and package thermal resistance (35.9 /w). the power dissipation and junction temperature of yda138 can be found by the following formula. for the use of yda138, take care not to exceed the power dissipation and junction temperature. ? formula for the power dissipation ploss = (pout * rpn / rl) * 2 + idc * vdc ploss allowable dissipation (w) pout output power (w) rpn 0.66 (constant) rl load resistor ( ) idc 0.035(constant / at v ddp =12v) 0.028(constant / at v ddp =9v) 0.038(constant / at v ddp =13.5v) vdc power supply voltage (v) ? formula for the junction temperature tj = ploss * ja + ta ploss allowable dissipation (w) ja 35.9 (constant/ package thermal resistance ( /w)) ta ambient temperature ( ) mounting the package (42ssop) for yda138 has thermal pad for radiation on the bottom. this thermal pad does not need soldering on the board. ? example of pattern thermal resistance of the package is 35.9 /w. this thermal resistance was meas ured under the following conditions: mounting board 136mm 85mm, copper leaf board density 154 % , no wind. in addition, a part of the board that faces to thermal pad is a pattern (4mm*6mm) without etching resist, the pattern is connected to the opposite side by through-hole ( 0.4). S?p? vs ?? 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 0 102030405060708090 ???() S?p?(w) yda138 S?p? maximum allowable dissipation vs ambient temperature maximum allowable dissipation (w) ambient temperature ( ) maximum allowable dissipation of yda138
yda138 11 application circuit examples 2-channel operating mode (int ernal clock master mode) id value element id value element c1 1f multilayer ceramic capacitor r1 100k chip resistor c2 1f multilayer ceramic capacitor r2 1k chip resistor c3 0.1f multilayer ceramic capacitor r3 100k chip resistor c4 10f electrolytic capacitor (0.1f ceramic capacitor) r4 680 chip resistor c5,c6 4.7f multilayer ceramic capacitor r5 1m chip resistor c7 330f electrolytic capacitor u1 (ceralock) cstcr4m19g53-b0
yda138 12 monaural operating mode (int ernal clock master mode)
yda138 13 multi-channel operating mode
yda138 14 electrical characteristic absolute maximum ratings note 6) item symbol min. max. unit power supply terminal (vddp) voltage range note 1,2,3) v ddp -0.3 14.0 v sleepn, protn terminal voltage range v in1 v ss -0.3 v ddp +0.3 v ckio input/output terminal voltage range v in2 v ss -0.3 v reg +1.0 v voltage range of terminals for control note 4) v in3 v ss -0.3 v reg +1.0 v voltage range of input/output terminals note 5) v in4 v ss -0.3 v reg +0.3 v allowable dissipation (ta=25oc) p d25 2.7 w allowable dissipation (ta=70oc) p d70 1.45 w junction temperature t jmax 125 oc storage temperature t stg -50 125 oc note 1) vss means avss, vssbgr, dv ss, pvssr and pvssl. place all vss terminals in the same potential. note 2) all the voltages are measured with respect to v ss =0v. note 3) power supply terminal (vddp) means pvddreg, pvddpr, pvddmr, pvddpl and pvddml. note 4) control input/output terminal m eans muten, hp, vol[1:0] and mode[2:0]. note 5) input/output terminal means inl, vrefl, inr, vrefr, xi and xo. note 6) absolute maximum ratings is values which must not be exceeded to guarantee device reliability and life, and when using a device in excess even a moment, it may immediately cause damage to device or may significantly deteriorate its reliability recommended operating condition item symbol min. typ. max. unit power supply voltage note 7) v ddp 9.0 12.0 13.5 v operating ambient temperature t a -40 25 85 oc speaker impedance (stereo) r ls 7.5 8 speaker impedance (mono) r lm 3.75 4 headphone impedance r lhp 16 32 note 7) all the voltages are measured with respect to v ss =0v.
yda138 15 dc characteristics (v ss =0v, v ddp =12v0.5v, ta=0oc to 85oc, unless otherwise specified) item symbol min. typ. max. unit refa output terminal voltage v reg 4.5 5 5.5 v protn terminal low level output voltage (i ol =1.6ma) v olp 0.4 v ckio terminal high level output voltage (i oh =-80a) v ohc 4.0 v ckio terminal low level output voltage (i ol =1.6ma) v olc 0.5 v sleepn, ckio terminal high level input voltage v ih1 2.2 v sleepn, ckio terminal low level input voltage v il1 0.8 v input terminals for control high level input voltage v ih2 3.5 v input terminals for control low level input voltage v il2 1.5 v refa/dvdd terminal start-up threshold voltage v uvah 3.7 v refa/dvdd terminal cutoff threshold voltage v uval 3.3 v pvddreg terminal start-up threshold voltage v uvph 8.0 v pvddreg terminal cutoff threshold voltage v uvpl 7.6 v power supply fluctuation cutoff threshold voltage (lower limit) v ml vref*1.8 v power supply fluctuation cutoff threshold voltage (upper limit) v mh vref*2.2 v headphone amplifier limit current i ochp 50 ma ac characteristics (v ss =0v, v ddp =12v0.5v, ta=0oc to 85oc, unless otherwise specified) item symbol min. typ. max. unit master clock frequency (internal clock mode) f ck 500 khz clock stop detection carrier clock frequency f ufp 150 khz consumption current (sleep mode) i sleep 1 a consumption current (mute mode) i mute 20 ma consumption current (digital amplifier output in no-signal input) i ddd 40 ma consumption current (headphone output in no-signal input) i ddh 10 ma note1) 8 ? resistor and 30h coil are used as an output load in order to obtain various digital amplifier characteristics.
yda138 16 analog characteristics (v ss =0v, v ddp =12v, ta=25oc, frequency:1khz, unless otherwise specified) digital amplifier section item condition symbol min. typ. max. unit maximum output (stereo) (thd+n=10%) r l =8 10.0 w maximum output (mono) (thd+n=10%) r l =4 p o 20.0 w voltage gain (at 1v input sensitivity) a v 18 db total harmonic distortion rate (stereo) (bw: 20khz) r l =8 , p o =1.0w 0.02 % total harmonic distortion rate (mono) (bw: 20khz) r l =4 , p o =10w thd+n 0.1 % signal /noise ratio (bw: 20khz a-filter) r l =8 , p o =10w, vol[1:0]=h,h snr 103 db channel separation ratio vol[1:0]=h,h cs -70 db maximum efficiency r l =8 , p o =10w 88 % output offset voltage vo 20 mv note) all the values of analog characteristics were obtained by using our evaluation circumstance. depending upon parts and pattern layout to use, characteristics may be changed. 8 ? resistor and 30h coil are used as an output load in order to obtain various digital amplifier characteristics. headphone amplifier section item condition symbol min. typ. max. unit maximum output (thd+n=10%) r l =32 p ho 50.0 mw total harmonic distortion rate (bw: 20khz ) r l =32 , p ho =30mw thd+n 0.01 % signal /noise ratio (bw: 20khz a-filter ) r l =32 , p ho =20mw, vol[1:0]=h,h snr 95 db channel separation ratio r l =32 , vol[1:0]=h,h cs -75 db
yda138 17 typical characteristics examples digital amplifier characteristics (v ddp =12v, r l =8 +30h, frequency=1khz, vol[ 1:0]=h,h, mode[2:0]=l,h,l
yda138 18 headphone amplifier characteristics (v ddp =12v, r l =32 , frequency=1khz, vol[1:0]=h,h, mode[2:0]=l,h,l)
yda138 19 package outline
yda138 the specifications of this product are subject to improvement changes without prior notice. notice

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