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PCSYSCON pc compatible system controller technical manual 2192-09065-000-000 page 1 j278 PCSYSCON product information full information about other arcom products is available via the f f a a x x - - o o n n - - d d e e m m a a n n d d s s y y s s t t e e m m , (telephone numbers are listed below), or by contacting our w w e e b b s s i i t t e e in the uk at: w w w w w w . . a a r r c c o o m m . . c c o o . . u u k k or in the us at: w w w w w w . . a a r r c c o o m m c c o o n n t t r r o o l l s s . . c c o o m m u u s s e e f f u u l l c c o o n n t t a a c c t t i i n n f f o o r r m m a a t t i i o o n n c c u u s s t t o o m m e e r r s s u u p p p p o o r r t t s s a a l l e e s s tel: +44 (0)1223 412 428 tel: +44 (0)1223 411 200 fax: +44 (0)1223 403 400 fax: +44 (0)1223 410 457 e-mail: support@arcom.co.uk e-mail sales@arcom.co.uk or for the us e-mail icpsales@arcomcontrols.com u u n n i i t t e e d d k k i i n n g g d d o o m m arcom control systems ltd clifton road cambridge cb1 4wh, uk tel: 01223 411 200 fax: 01223 410 457 fod: 01223 240 600 u u n n i i t t e e d d s s t t a a t t e e s s arcom control systems inc 13510 south oak street kansas city mo 64145 usa tel: 816 941 7025 fax: 816 941 0343 fod: 800 747 1097 f f r r a a n n c c e e arcom control systems centre d?affaires scaldy 23 rue colbert 7885 saint quentin cedex, france tel: 800 90 84 06 fax: 800 90 84 12 fod: 800 90 23 80 g g e e r r m m a a n n y y kostenlose infoline: tel: 0130 824 511 fax: 0130 824 512 fod: 0130 860 449 i i t t a a l l y y numeroverde: fod: 1678 73600 b b e e l l g g i i u u m m groen nummer: tel: 0800 7 3192 fax: 0800 7 3191 n n e e t t h h e e r r l l a a n n d d s s gratis 06 nummer: tel: 06022 11 36 fax: 06022 11 48 the choice of boards or systems is the responsibility of the buyer, and the use to which they are put cannot be the liability of arcom control systems ltd. however, arcom?s sales team is always available to assist you in making your decision. ? 1996 arcom control systems ltd arcom control systems is a subsidiary of fairey group plc. specifications are subject to change without notice and do not form part of any contract. all trademarks recognised. arcom control systems ltd operate a company-wide quality management system which has been certified by the british standards institution (bsi) as compliant with iso9001:1994
contents revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 section 1. introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 the PCSYSCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 about the pc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 features of the PCSYSCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 using signal-conditioning boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 what to do next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 the i/o pointer scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 how the PCSYSCON appears in pcbus i/o space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 the registers on the PCSYSCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 how to w rite to the registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 dac registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 general purpose digital i/o registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 mask registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 status registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 w atchdog registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 section 3. using the PCSYSCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 installing the PCSYSCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 installing multiple PCSYSCONs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 a quick installation t est . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 default link position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 v oltage monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 t emperature monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 option inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 digital i/o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 fault finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 section 4. software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 section 5. circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 installation for ce compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 appendix a. specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 appendix b. connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 appendix c. component list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 appendix d. circuit diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2192-09065-000-000 page 2 j278 PCSYSCON
revision history 2192-09065-000-000 revision history page 3 j278 PCSYSCON manual v1 iss 1 v1 iss 2 v1 iss 3 issue a v1 iss 2 v1 iss 3 v1 iss 3 v1 iss 3 910207 first draft created 910222 first release in this format 961023 [eco2024] 980119 [eco2684] pcb comments
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 page 4
section 1. introduction the PCSYSCON the PCSYSCON is a plug-in board for pc-compatibles. it can measure various conditions inside your pc and produce several sorts of alarm signals. it can also produce alarms from external analogue and digital signals, and it has eight general-purpose digital input and eight digital output lines. the purpose of the board is to give advance warning of potential trouble in industrial pc systems. there are many possible sources of trouble, such as an aging or overloaded power supply , excessive temperature rise or programs that have crashed when controlling some critical process. the PCSYSCON can detect these conditions when properly set up. however , a note of caution. if you are going to use the PCSYSCON to detect a potential problem, you must set it up and then create or simulate the problem. y ou will then be able to prove that your hardware and software can indeed detect the problem and take appropriate action. no amount of hardware is going to help if the program or operators fail to take any notice when a problem is detected. about the pc pc-compatibles are often used for i/o intensive applications with boards such as the PCSYSCON. unfortunately , some features of the pc can make life dif ficult for users. w e have tried to address these problems with the PCSYSCON. for example, it is sometimes dif ficult to find i/o address space in a pc - we have created a unique pointer addressing scheme which only takes up two bytes of pc i/o space but allows hundreds of i/o locations on the board. another common problem is that of getting large numbers of cables safely into a pc. arcom designed a signal-conditioning system which has been in use on other buses for some years; this system is also available for the PCSYSCON. features of the PCSYSCON the PCSYSCON has voltage and temperature monitors, a watchdog, external optoisolated inputs and analogue input trips. it can sound an internal buzzer , switch a relay or trigger a pc interrupt on detecting an alarm condition. alarm conditions are also output on the 50-way i/o connector , which also carries the eight general- purpose digital inputs and eight outputs. the voltage and temperature monitors detect under-voltage and over-temperature conditions. they are designed to operate even if the program in the pc has crashed completely - they do not rely on a background program operating continuously . their alarm levels can be set up in software. the watchdog monitor function is intended to be integrated into your software. the principle is that your application program starts the 2192-09065-000-000 section 1. introduction page 5 j278 PCSYSCON
watchdog, and must then access an i/o port at regular intervals to stop the watchdog timing out. if your program fails to do this the watchdog times out and the alarm operates, indicating that your program has crashed. once the watchdog has been started it cannot be stopped by anything except a complete system reset. the watchdog can be set to operate with either a two second or a ten second timeout. the two "option" inputs opt1 and opt2 can each be used for either an analogue or an optoisolated digital input. opt1 can operate an alarm when the voltage is lower than that set on a potentiometer or when there is no current into the optoisolator . opt2 works the other way round. each of these monitoring functions can be set individually to operate the buzzer , relay or interrupt by writing to mask registers. the status of these registers and of the monitoring functions can be read back at any time. the PCSYSCON can also be used for digital i/o. one group of eight lines on the connector can be read directly as inputs. another group can be written to as outputs. it is vitally important to be able to do some form of self-test with industrial equipment. the PCSYSCON contains many features to assist in this. at the lowest level the PCSYSCON has two light- emitting diodes (leds). these are intended for use on initial installation, since they will not usually be visible inside the pc. the red led flashes each time the board is accessed. this is useful to check that the board is at the correct address. the green led can be switched on by a user program. it can be used in a power-on test routine to indicate to a technician that the board has passed. in addition, the PCSYSCON has an identifier code at a fixed location in the i/o map. this can be used to identify a board at a particular pcbus i/o location. the code for the PCSYSCON is 80 (hexadecimal) (128 decimal). a 50-way d-type connector is used to connect to the PCSYSCON. this allows a ribbon-cable to connect to individual cable connectors or to other boards which either modify the signal in some way or contain other types of connectors. these are called signal- conditioning boards. the 50-way connector is compatible with arcom's signal- conditioning scheme, which lets you connect dozens of dif ferent types of signal-conditioning boards to process signals to or from the PCSYSCON. there are two 10-way headers which may be used for some i/o inside the pc. they carry a subset of the signals on the 50-way connector . 2192-09065-000-000 section 1. introduction page 6 j278 PCSYSCON
using signal-conditioning boards in an industrial environment there are many signals which it is unsafe to let into your pc. examples are signals at high voltage such as mains, or signals with a lot of superimposed noise. this latter category includes most signals that exist in a factory . another potential problem is that the pc may not be able to supply enough power to drive some equipment directly . also the signals may be on cables which cannot be physically connected to the pc because they are just too big and cumbersome. the arcom signal-conditioning system was designed to solve these problems. in essence the idea is extremely simple. all arcom digital i/o boards have a standardised connection to a 50-way ribbon cable. ttl-level signals (together with +5v , +12v and -12v) are used on this cable. the cable connects one digital i/o board to one or more signal-conditioning boards. these have a 50-way ribbon- cable connector at one end and a heavy-duty connector at the other . the heavy-duty connector can plug into a terminator mounted in a rack; the terminator can have screw terminals. a wide range of signal-conditioning boards is manufactured by arcom (and other manufacturers). many functions are available - optoisolation, relay outputs, darlington and fet drivers, switch and keyboard inputs are just a few of them. what to do next if you want to see something happening as soon as possible, turn to section 3 for information on how to install the PCSYSCON in your pc. when you have installed it, run the driver software as described in section 4. if you want to know more about how the PCSYSCON works, section 5 contains details of the circuitry . if you are going to be programming the PCSYSCON, section 2 has information on the i/o map. in all cases, section 3 contains much useful information. 2192-09065-000-000 section 1. introduction page 7 j278 PCSYSCON note: all addresses and data values in hexadecimal in this manual are followed by the letter h.
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 section 1. introduction page 8
section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map the i/o pointer scheme there is a serious shortage of i/o space in most pcs. this can be a real limitation if i/o boards have lots of functions and hence lots of registers, like the PCSYSCON. the i/o pointer scheme used on the PCSYSCON and other arcom pcbus boards solves this problem. in outline, to access a register on the PCSYSCON you must first set up a pointer to it by writing a byte to the 'base address' of the PCSYSCON. after that, you can read from and write to the register that is pointed to, by accessing the byte at the base address + 1. the base address is the address that is set up on the address switches, subject to the constraint that it must be an even address (an odd address set up on the switches is treated by the PCSYSCON as the next lower even address). given that the pointer value is a byte, there are 256 possible registers on a PCSYSCON. obviously , not all of them are actually used. in fact, on most boards very few of them are used, but the possibilities for expansion are there. in order to allow standardisation of software some register addresses have been defined for all arcom pcbus i/o boards. in particular , the top half of the 256 byte space has been defined as 'special function' register space, and the bottom half as 'i/o' register space. the special function registers are mostly devoted to self-test, checking, security and diagnostics. the i/o registers are the ones which the board is there for: in this case monitoring, alarm and input/output functions. the next two sub-sections describe the register allocations in detail. how the PCSYSCON appears in pcbus i/o space the PCSYSCON occupies two bytes in pcbus i/o space. they start on an even byte boundary . the lower byte contains the pointer and can only be written to. the upper byte contains the data and can be read from or written to. the address switches define where these two bytes are in pcbus i/o space. the switches set the address of the lower of the two bytes (the base address); the upper byte is one byte up from the lower . another way of saying this is that the board can only be addressed at even byte boundaries and takes two consecutive bytes of i/o space. t o set the address simply rotate the switches until the desired base address is visible, reading them left to right, as text is normally viewed. for example, to set up an address of 10ch, the left-hand switch is set to 1, the centre switch to 0 and the right-hand switch to c. note that the addresses are in hexadecimal. the problem comes in finding what to set the switches to. many pcs are not supplied with any information about what i/o devices are 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 9 j278 PCSYSCON
already installed at particular addresses. there are several ways round this. firstly , try running the board at address 180h(see section 3 for installation information). this is often unused. if you can't get any information from the pc manufacturer , run a program like quarterdeck's manifest, which makes a reasonable attempt to discover the addresses of common peripherals. finally , see section 3 for fault-finding information. the registers on the PCSYSCON the following table shows the i/o registers on the PCSYSCON. the following table shows the special function registers on the PCSYSCON. how to w rite to the registers it is useful to remember that the pointer register only needs to be written to once if only one register is read or written. this means that i/o can then be done with byte reads and writes. however , if your program is continually changing registers it must write a new pointer value each times it accesses a new register . this can be done by writing a pair of bytes as a word, because the cpu in a pc does word writes to the bus (which is one byte wide) by writing the lower byte first, thus setting up the pointer register first.the sub-section a quick installation t est shows the basics of how to write to the control register . 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 10 j278 PCSYSCON pointer v alue 09 st ar tw st a tus retrigw buzm relm intm g1in g0out dactemp dac-12 dac+12 dac+5 w r w r/w r/w r/w r w r/w r/w r/w r/w start watchdog and set final timeout read board status retrigger watchdog buzzer mask relay mask interrupt mask read from group 1 inputs w rite to group 0 inputs set temperature comparison set -12v comparison set +12v comparison set +5v comparison 08 08 07 06 05 04 04 03 02 01 00 register name read/write comments pointer v alue 81h board ident user led r w reading this should always give a value of 80h for the PCSYSCON w riting 01 switches the green led on. w riting 00 switches it of f. 80h register name read/write comments
dac registers the dac registers (dac+5, dac+12, dac-12 and dactemp) set the levels at which an alarm can occur if the alarm mask registers are set. for example, the +5v power line in the pc is compared with the voltage produced by the dac+5 digital-to-analogue converter (dac). if the +5v power line is below this voltage a bit is set in the st a tus register . this can be read at any time. in addition, if the buzm alarm mask register is programmed to allow a power fail to sound the buzzer then this will also sound. alarms from the three power-line monitors dac+5, dac+12 and dac- 12 are combined into one signal pf ail for the alarm mask registers. the over-temperature signal (from the dactemp register) is a separate bit in the alarm mask registers. it is possible to use the dacs as analogue-to-digital converters to measure the power line voltages and temperature. t o do this, simply disable the pf ail and otemp alarms and write to the dac register of interest, reading the corresponding bit in the st a tus register . the value at which the bit flips corresponds to the voltage or temperature. t o maintain reasonable accuracy , each dac is scaled dif ferently . general-purpose digital i/o registers these registers are accessed at pointer value 4. w riting a byte to pointer value 4 sets bits on the 50-way connector pl2, and reading pointer value 4 reads bits on this connector . a high bit (=1) corresponds to a high ttl level on the connector pins - there is no inversion. 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 11 j278 PCSYSCON pointer 3 dactemp t emperature high 1 bit=0.482c 1 bit=-60.53mv 1 bit=60.73mv 1 bit=24.22mv -12v supply low +12v supply low +5v supply low dac-12 dac+12 dac+5 2 1 0 name function scaling
mask registers there are three mask registers intm, relm and buzm each with the same bit meanings, as follows. intm is at pointer value 5 and controls interrupt generation. the actual interrupt to be generated is set by lk1. relm is at pointer value 6 and controls relay operation. lk2 controls whether the relay is normally on or of f. buzm is at pointer value 7 and controls the operation of the buzzer . each mask register is independent, so that, for example, the buzzer can be made to sound if the set temperature is exceeded while the relay operates if there is a watchdog timeout. mask registers can be read and written, so your software can check that the desired masks have been set up. st a tus register the st a tus register is at pointer value 8 (read). it contains information about what is happening to the board. the bit patterns are similar to those in the mask registers. in general a high bit indicates a problem. 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 12 j278 PCSYSCON bit 7 6 pf ail opt2 opt1 w a tch otemp power-fail option 2 option 1 w atchdog t emperature not used not used not used alarm if one or more of the three power lines is below the dac voltage. alarm if option 2 input is triggered alarm if option 1 input is triggered alarm if watchdog timeout alarm if temperature exceeded 5 4 3 2 1 0 name function comments bit 7 6 wdis -12l +12l +5l opt2 opt1 w a tch otemp w atchdog -12v problem +12v problem +5v problem option 2 option 1 w atchdog t emperature high if the watchdog has never been started high if -12v line low high if +12v line low high if +5v line low high if option 2 input triggered high if option 1 input triggered high if watchdog timeout high if temperature exceeded 5 4 3 2 1 0 name function comments
all of these signals except for wids are available in inverted form on the 50-way connector pl2. wdis is replaced by an inverted version of the buzzer signal. w atchdog registers t wo registers control operation of the watchdog. the st ar tw register at pointer register 9 (write) starts the watchdog with either a two or a ten second timeout period. only one bit (bit 0) has any meaning in the st ar tw register . if this is a 1 the longer timeout period is selected. if it is 0 the shorter period is selected. the retrigw register at pointer value 8 (write) must be written to in order to prevent the watchdog timing out. any value may be written. once the watchdog has started it cannot be stopped. this is because otherwise software that had crashed could have activated the routine that stopped the watchdog, thus removing the protection. the wdis bit in the st a tus register is a 1 until the watchdog has been started. it is recommended that your watchdog retriggering routine has the following characteristics: it is not callable routine or function, but is in-line code in the main program loop it is not triggered by an interrupt it is executed once in the main program loop 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 13 j278 PCSYSCON
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 section 2. the PCSYSCON i/o map page 14
section 3. using the PCSYSCON installing the PCSYSCON the PCSYSCON contains cmos circuitry and can be damaged by static electricity , as can your pc. when installing, do not touch the gold edge fingers, but do touch a metal part of your pc before picking up the PCSYSCON. do not place the PCSYSCON onto plastic surfaces, particularly polystyrene or polythene. the mechanical part of installation is quite simple. in most cases it involves switching your pc of f, taking its cover of f, finding a spare 8- bit i/o slot and inserting the PCSYSCON into it. however , some pcs have dif ferent ways of doing this, so you must read your pc manual and follow its instructions. initially we suggest that you do not use interrupts, so remove lk1. set the switches to 180 and power your pc up. w atch the leds on the PCSYSCON while it powers up. y ou may see the red led flash once. this simply means that the bios startup program in your pc is checking through i/o space to see if any boards are there, and is nothing to worry about. on the other hand, if your pc fails to boot or the red led flashes continuously , you will need to change the PCSYSCON base address (see addresses below for suggestions). if your pc does fail to boot up, power down, remove the PCSYSCON and power up again to prove that the problem lies with the PCSYSCON rather than some disturbance created by your installation procedure, such as a loosened cable connector , for example. addresses although pcs dif fer in their available i/o address space, some generalisations are possible. there is usually space between 100h and 1ffh. addresses 300h to 31fh are (notionally) assigned to an i/o prototyping card, so if you don't have one these are also free. a void addresses below 100h. remember that many pcs 'wrap' addresses above 3ffh, so that 400h is treated as 000h, which won't work. it is not usually necessary to remove the PCSYSCON from the pc in order to change the address. unless your pc is very cramped internally it is possible to rotate the address switches to change address with the PCSYSCON still installed. installing multiple PCSYSCONs this is just like installing a single one, except that they must all be installed at dif ferent addresses. the most obvious scheme is to install them at consecutive addresses, remembering that each PCSYSCON takes up two bytes of i/o space. this is also what the arcom software drivers expect. for example, install the first one at 180h, the second at 182hand so on. 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 15 j278 PCSYSCON
if you are installing more than one type of pcbus i/o board it makes sense to keep all boards of each type at consecutive addresses. don't forget that other boards may take up more than two i/o address locations. if you are going to use interrupts you have two choices. either all boards can share the same interrupt line or you can jumper one board to irq2 and one to irq3 (this implies two boards maximum). more of this later . a quick installation t est it is very easy to test the PCSYSCON with the debug program to show that it is at the address you thought. assume that the address is 180 h. run the debug program by typing debug at the prompt, type o 180 80 the red led should flash once, showing that you have accessed the PCSYSCON. in fact, this command has made the pointer point to the green (user) led register . t o switch the green led on, type o 181 1 and to switch it of f, type o 181 0 t o exit from debug type q 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 16 j278 PCSYSCON
links there are two functions defined by links on the PCSYSCON: where the interrupts go to on the pc and what the normal relay state is.the links are defined by pushing little blue jumpers onto pairs of pins. link 1. where the interrupts go to on the pc this is a group of six pins just above the pcbus connector . the jumper must be inserted vertically , which means that there are four possible situations, a, b, c and no jumper inserted. ? lk1a sends the interrupt to pcbus irq2. ? lk1b sends the interrupt to pcbus irq3. ? lk1c sends the interrupt to pcbus -iochchk. (note that this is normally intended to generate a non-maskable interrupt, and may well halt the pc.) no jumper means that the PCSYSCON cannot generate any interrupts. if you intend to use the arcom driver software it may be necessary to insert a jumper into one of these link positions. see the section on driver software. interrupts can only be generated if the mask register intm is appropriately enabled. w e recommend that you do not insert a jumper into lk1. change this if you intend to use interrupts and are experienced at writing pc interrupt-handling software, or possibly if you are using the arcom drivers. default link position 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 17 j278 PCSYSCON a b c lk1 lk2 b a
link 2. relay state this is a group of three pins. the jumpers are also inserted horizontally , and there are two possible positions, labelled a and b. link 2a keeps the relay on when there is no alarm and of f otherwise, and link 2b does the opposite. this is so that the power-up state can be chosen without running any software. connections connections to the board are made by a 50-way d type connector . it is usual to use a ribbon-cable (insulation displacement or idc) connector to plug into this, so that all 50 wires are connected at once. this point is mentioned because there is some confusion about how 50-way d connector pins are numbered. before idc 50- way d connectors became popular the conventional numbering was to number the pins incrementing parallel to the long edge of the connector . this number is often moulded into the plastic next to each pin. ribbon cables, however , are numbered sequentially from the stripe at one edge. this is not compatible for mechanical reasons with the original d numbering system. because most people will use ribbon cables with this board we have given connection details in terms of the ribbon-cable pins that will be connected when an idc 50-way d connector is plugged in. they are referred to as rcx where x is a number between 1 and 50. for ease of reference the corresponding d connector pins are also shown on the circuit diagram and in appendix b. v oltage monitoring the three power-line voltages +5v , +12v and -12v are compared with the voltages from three dacs. if the power-line voltages drop below the dac voltages bits are set in the st a tus register . the pf ail signal is then generated which is allowed to trigger alarm signals depending on the mask bits in the mask registers. it is possible to set the dac voltages very close to the actual voltages. this is a bad idea for several reasons. firstly , voltages in a pc can fluctuate by tens or even hundreds of millivolts in normal operation, for example if a drive starts up. secondly , digital noise on the supply lines and on the PCSYSCON board means that the instantaneous voltages measured are not necessarily the average voltages. finally , most pcs will operate at voltages quite a lot lower than normal, especially on the +12v and -12v lines. suggested values for setting the dac voltages are 4.6v for dac+5 and 1 1.4v for dac+12 and dac-12. however , it is your responsibility to set them to the values which will give most warning of power failure and least false alarms. the sub-section about the dac registers has the conversion factors between bytes sent to the dacs and dac output voltages. for example, to make the +5v monitor trigger at 4.6v , send 191 (decimal) or be (hex) to pointer 0. 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 18 j278 PCSYSCON
it is well worth using the dacs as explained earlier to measure the voltages in your pc. the example software has a simple program to do this. t emperature monitoring the PCSYSCON has a on-board temperature monitor to measure the internal temperature of the pc. this generates an alarm when the temperature is in excess of that set by the voltage from the dactemp dac. the correct temperature to set depends on ambient temperature, fan cooling ef ficiency and pc design. it is a good idea to measure temperature rise for some hours after switch on using the program mentioned above. option inputs the two option inputs can each be used with either analogue or opto-isolated digital inputs. they are intended for use with power-fail signals from power-supply units, fan-fail signals from electronically- controlled fans, or general-purpose alarm inputs. the dif ference between opt1 and opt2 is that one works in the presence of the signals and the other works in their absence. either or both can be masked out by the mask registers. in analogue input mode the single-ended analogue signals are fed to comparators whose trip points are set by potentiometers vr1 (for opt2) and vr2 (for opt1). leds d7 and d6 indicate when the trip points are reached. t rip points can be set for analogue voltages of 0 to +20v . in digital mode, currents are passed through resistors to optoisolators. the resistors are suitable for input voltages of 12 to 24v . because the analogue and digital inputs both drive the same alarm signal, only certain combinations of signals are possible. the analogue high and low refer to the input voltage compared to the potentiometer setting. w ith no signal wire connected to the analogue input each potentiometer can be adjusted to allow the digital input to function. opt2 will give an alarm with nothing connected, however . if you do not wish to use this, make sure that you have masked of f alarms from opt2 in the mask registers. 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 19 j278 PCSYSCON digital ignored high low ignored high low alarm alarm no alarm no alarm no alarm alarm opto current no current no current opto current no current no current opt1 opt2 analogue result
digital i/o the PCSYSCON can be used for simple digital i/o. y ou can read the state of the inputs on group 1 of the d50 connector by writing 4 to the pointer register at 180h and reading the value at 181h (for group 1). y ou can write to the outputs on group 0 of the connector by writing 4 to 180h and writing the byte to 181h. the state of most bits of the st a tus register is readable on the 50- way connector . the bit pattern is the same as in the st a tus register except that the top bit (wdis) from the st a tus register is replaced with a buzz signal, so that a remote buzzer can be connected. all the signals in this group of eight (group 2 on the 50-way connector) are active-low ttl. they can all be buf fered by signal-conditioning boards to drive remote alarms or inspected with a led32 indicator . interrupts most interrupt lines on the pcbus are already taken up by standard peripherals - irq2 and 3 are less likely than most to be used and they can be driven by the PCSYSCON. there are five interrupt sources on the PCSYSCON, as defined by the bits in the intm register . if lk1 is not jumpered at all no interrupts will be passed on to the pc, but you can still inspect the st a tus register . interrupts are not latched; your interrupt routine should do an immediate read of the st a tus register to discover the interrupt source. once it has it can mask out the interrupt source with the intm register while it is dealing with the interrupt. fault finding as described earlier , there are several diagnostic aids on the PCSYSCON. firstly check that the red led near the 50-way connector lights when (and only when) your program is accessing the board. if it doesn't, it is likely that the address your program is writing is not the one that the switches are set to. if this works, check that you can turn the green led on and of f by writing to its register . t ry reading the board identification. if this is not correct but the leds have been working correctly it is possible that there is another board at the same address. 2192-09065-000-000 section 3. using the PCSYSCON page 20 j278 PCSYSCON
section 4. software as you will probably have noticed from the examples using debug, it is easy to prove that the board is in the system at the right address. however , the PCSYSCON requires a few initialisation bytes. t o help you to get started, a disk with example software is supplied. in order to keep this as up to date as possible, files on the disk describe its contents. the file read.me is the first one you should look at. it contains information on the disk organisation. y ou can either inspect it on your screen by typing typea:read me (if you are reading from disk a), or print it to a printer . y our dos manual has information about the various ways of doing this. 2192-09065-000-000 section 4. software page 21 j278 PCSYSCON
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 section 4. software page 22
section 5. circuit description the board address is selected by ic21, an 8-bit comparator , and part of ic8. this ic, a p al, also takes in various control signals buf fered by ic14. it generates the enable signal for ic5, the data bus buf fer , and strobe signals for ic19 and 13, which then decode pointer addresses for the counters and registers. it also generates strobe signals for ic6 and ic9, which holds the board identification, and ic7 which controls the green led. the dac ic31 outputs are compared with the three supply rails by ic33 and with the temperature sensor ic28. ic10,1 1 and 12 hold the mask bits for the three mask registers, and ic16,17 and 18 allow these to be read back and compared with the input signals. alarm signals from these ics go to ic20 which drives the relay , buzzer and interrupts, to ic24 which is the st a tus buf fer and to ic4 which buf fers them onto the 50-way connector pl2. ic26 compares input analogue signals and also the ramp from the watchdog timing capacitor . the two watchdog times are selected by choosing which voltage to switch at. digital input is via ic3 and output is from ic2. 2192-09065-000-000 section 5. circuit description page 23 j278 PCSYSCON
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 section 5. circuit description page 24
2192-09065-000-000 j278 PCSYSCON installation for ce compliance page 25 installation for ce compliance t o maintain compliance with the requirements of the emc directive (89/336/eec), this product must be correctly installed. the pc in which the board is housed must be ce compliant as declared by the pc manufacturer . the type of external i/o cable can be chosen according to the note below: 1. remove the cover of the pc observing any additional instructions of the pc manufacturer . 2. locate the board in a spare isa slot and press gently but firmly into place. 3. ensure that the metal bracket attached to the board is fully seated. 4. fit the bracket clamping screw and firmly tighten this on the bracket. note: good contact of the bracket to chassis is essential. 5. replace the cover of the pc observing any additional instructions of the pc manufacturer . cable ? cable length 1 metre of less : ribbon cable satisfactory ? cable length up to 1m to 3m required : commercial screened cable gives the protection ? longer cable or noisy environment : use fully screened cable with metal backshells e.g. arcom cab50ce the following standards have been applied to this product: bs en50081-1: 1992 generic emissions standard, residential, commercial, light industry bs en50082-1: 1992 generic immunity standard, residential, commercial, light industry bs en55022: 1995 ite emissions, classb, limits and methods
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 installation for ce compliance page 26
2192-09065-000-000 j278 PCSYSCON appendix a. specification page 27 appendix a. specification operating temperature 0 c to 55 c power consumption 5v +/- 0.25v 520ma typical monitors +5v , +12v , -12v supplies board temperature two analogue inputs 0-20v two optoisolated digital inputs 12-24v digital inputs 8 digital outputs 8 interrupt outputs to pc 3 relay contacts 24v 1a input and output levels ttl connectors 50-way d socket two 10-way internal headers diagnostics red and green leds board identification byte 80(h) pcbus i/o address space 2 bytes
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 appendix a. specification page 28
2192-09065-000-000 j278 PCSYSCON appendix b. connections page 29 appendix b. connections connections are made by a 50-way d socket on the PCSYSCON. it is most likely that you will be connecting to it via a ribbon-cable (idc) 50-way d header plug. this can then be connected on the ribbon cable to one or more standard (two row) 50-way headers which will plug into the connectors on signal-conditioning boards. the diagram shows the connections as they appear on standard ribbon-cable headers, with the conventional d connector pin numbers given as well as the wire numbers on the ribbon cable. the d connector pin numbers start with d and the ribbon-cable wire numbers start with rc. the digital i/o signals are referred to as gn.x where n is the group number and x is the bit number . pl2 50-way d connector signal t itle d t ype no. rc no +5v 50 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 17 33 49 16 32 48 15 31 47 14 30 46 13 29 45 12 28 44 1 1 27 43 10 26 42 9 25 41 8 24 40 7 23 39 +5v +12v -12v relay n/c contact relay com contact relay n/o contact 0v opt2 analogue input 0v opt 1 analogue input 0v opt2 optoisolated +ve input opt2 optoisolated -ve input opt1 optoisolated +ve input opt1optoisolated -ve input 0v /buzz output /+12v low output /-12v low output /+5v low output /opt2 output /opt1 output /w atchdog output /overtemperature output 0v g1.7 in g1.6 in g1.5 in g1.4 in
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 appendix b. connections page 30 pl2 50-w ay d connector continued pl3 internal i/o connector pl4 internal i/o connector signal t itle d t ype no. rc no g1.3 in 6 16 15 14 13 12 1 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 22 38 5 21 37 4 20 36 3 19 35 2 18 34 1 g1.2 in g1.1 in g1.0 in 0v g0.7 out g0.6 out g0.5 out g0.4 out g0.3 out g0.2 out g0.1 out g0.0 out 0v 0v signal t itle pin no. +5v 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 /buzz output /+12v low output /-12v low output /+5v low output /opt2 output /opt1 output /w atchdog output /overtemperature output 0v signal t itle pin no. +12v 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 opt2 analogue input 0v opt1 analogue input 0v opt2 optoisolated +ve input opt2 optoisolated -ve input opt1 optoisolated +ve input opt1 optoisolated -ve input 0v
2192-09065-000-000 j278 PCSYSCON appendix c. component list page 31 appendix c. component list ic1 pc829 ic2 hct374 ic3,9,2224 ls244 ic4 hct240 ic5 ls245 ic6,10-12 hct174 ic8 p al ic13,19 hct138 ic14 hct367 ic16-18 p al ic20 p al ic21 hct688 ic22,25 hct00 ic26,33 lm339 ic27 act05 ic28 lm35 ic29 lm358 ic30 lm385 ic31 8408 ic32 78l05 r1,2,12,28 680r r3,4,4 83k r5,8,21,24-27,29 100k r6,14 82k r7 1m0 r9,17,34,42,47,49 5k6 rp1 100k vr1,2 20k tr1-3 2n7000 tr4 bc182
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 appendix c. component list page 32
appendix d. circuit diagrams 2192-09065-000-000 appendix d. circuit diagrams page 33 j278 PCSYSCON
j278 PCSYSCON 2192-09065-000-000 appendix d. circuit diagrams page 34
2192-09065-000-000 j278 PCSYSCON appendix d. circuit diagrams page 35
2192-09065-000-000 page 36 j278 PCSYSCON

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