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AU9226
USB KVM Controller
Technical Reference Manual
AU9226
USB KVM Controller
Copyright
Copyright (c) 1997 - 2007. Alcor Micro, Corp. All Rights Reserved. No part of this data sheet may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without prior written permission from Alcor Micro, Corp.
Trademark Acknowledgements
The company and product names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Alcor Micro, Corp. reserves the right to change this product without prior notice. Alcor Micro, Corp. makes no warranty for the use of its products and bears no responsibility for any error that appear in this document. Specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
Revision History
Date
July 2007 Oct 2007
Revision
1.00W 1.01W Official release
Description
Modify "3.0 Pin Assignment"
Contact Information:
Web site: http://www.alcormicro.com/
China ShenZhen Office Rm.2407-08, Industrial Bank Building No.4013, Shennan Road, ShenZhen,China. 518026 Phone: (0755) 8366-9039 Fax: (0755) 8366-9101 Los Angeles Office 9070 Rancho Park Court Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 USA Phone: (909) 483-8821 Fax: (909) 944-0464
Taiwan Alcor Micro, Corp. 4F, No 200 Kang Chien Rd., Nei Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Phone: 886-2-8751-1984 Fax: 886-2-2659-7723 Santa Clara Office 2901 Tasman Drive, Suite 206 Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone: (408) 845-9300 Fax: (408) 845-9086

Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................ 1
1.1 Description...................................................................................1 1.2 Features........................................................................................1
2. Application Block Diagram ................................... 2 3. Pin Assignment ...................................................... 3 4. System Architecture and Reference Design ....... 7
4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram ...............................................................7
5. Hot Key Definition .................................................. 8
5.1 [Scroll]++[Scroll] mode ...............................................................8 5.2 [Caps]++[Caps] mode..................................................................8 5.3 [Num]++[Num] Mode ...................................................................9 5.4 [Ctrl]+[Shift] mode (left-hand side) ............................................9
6. Electrical Characteristics ...................................... 11
6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions .......................................11 6.2 General DC Characteristics ........................................................11 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells..........................11 6.4 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization ...............12 6.5 ESD Test Results.........................................................................12 6.6 Latch-Up Test Results.................................................................13
7. Mechanical Information ......................................... 15 7. Abbreviations ......................................................... 16
i
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Block Diagram..................................................................2 Figure 3.1 Pin Assignment Diagram ................................................3 Figure 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram ...................................................7 Figure 6.1 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization ...12 Figure 6.2 Latch-Up Test Circuits ....................................................14 Figure 7.1 Mechanical Information Diagram ...................................15
List of Tables
Table 3.1 Pin Descriptions ................................................................4 Table 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions .............................11 Table 6.2 General DC Characteristics ..............................................11 Table 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells ...............11 Table 6.4 ESD Data ............................................................................12 Table 6.5 Latch-Up Data ...................................................................14
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1. Introduction
1.1 Description
AU9226 is a highly integrated single chip USB KVM controller offering users the possibility of sharing keyboard, mouse and monitor among up to two PCs. Not like traditional PS2 KVM devices, AU9226 uses USB as its upstream and downstream interface to support its driver-free and plug-n-play features, which allow users to easily install and use the KVM. Typical application of AU9226 is under an environment, in which only one set of monitor, keyboard and mouse is available. Applying such kind of devices in a computing environment will not only result in a centralized control, but also reduce the power and space consumption.
1.2 Features
Fully USB v1.1 specification compliant Support USB bus power and device self power Support up to 2 PCs via 2 USB upstream ports Support USB downstream port 1 for USB keyboard Support USB downstream port 2 for USB mouse Support PS2 keyboard Support both "panel button" and "hot key" to switch among PCs Support "auto-scan" mode for users to monitor PCs easily Support audio beep when system switches Support upstream port selected LED indicators for each PC respectively Support phantom keyboard to let user does not need to configure BIOS to turn on "No halt on error" Support 2 different sets of key sequence to switch among PCs (Please see the key definition in the following) Recalls "Caps Lock", "Num Lock" and "Scroll Lock" keys' status for each PC automatically Output the monitor selection signals to the external video-switching circuits Support 8-bit MCU interface to provide control from external MCU Support serial MCU interface to provide control from external MCU No need to install device driver under Windows, Macintosh, Linux, FreeBSD and Sun system Support EEPRom to memorize hotkey mode
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
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2. Application Block Diagram
Typical application is in a computing environment where it demands a centralized control and space & energy saving is critical.
Figure 2.1 Block Diagram
PC 1
PC 2
USB cable
USB cable Monitor Cable Monitor cable
AU9226 KVM
Selection (3x)
Monitor and Audio swtiching box (Relay device )
Port 1
Port 2
Auto-swtich mode default button x 1 Keyboard PS2 Keyboard Audio Devices Monitor
Mouse
2
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
3. Pin Assignment
The AU9226 is delivered in 48pin LQFP form factor. Documented below is a figure shows signal names of each pin and a table in the following page describes each pin in more details.
Figure 3.1 Pin Assignment Diagram
MONITOREN0 UPUSB2_DM UPUSB1_DM UPUSB2_DP UPUSB1_DP UP1LEDN 47
48 AVCC AVSS XTAL1 XTAL2 VCC5V BVCC BVSS SWITCHN AUDIOSWITCHN BUS_PWRD BEEP INTN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
UP2LEDN GND
D6
D5
D4
D3
D7
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37 36 35 34 33 32 GPO0 GPO1 GPO2 D2 D1 D0 PS2_DAT PS2_CLK SWITCHMODE2 SWITCHMODE1 SWITCHMODE0 VCC
AU9226
31 30 29 28 27 26 25
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
GND
ALE
CSN
RDN
DOWNUSB2_DP
DOWNUSB1_DP
DOWNUSB1_DM
WRN
VSS
DOWNUSB2_DM
EXTCPUMOD
3
Table 3.1 Pin Descriptions Pin #
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Pin Name
AVCC AVSS XTAL1 XTAL2 VCC5V BVCC BVSS SWITCHN AUDIOSWITCHN BUS_PWRD BEEP INTN GND GND ALE
I/O
PWR PWR I O PWR PWR PWR I I I O O
Description
3.3V analog input power Analog ground 12 MHz crystal input 12 MHz crystal output 5.0V input power from USB port 3.3V output power from internal regulator Ground pin of internal regulator Button with internal pull-up for switching to next system (0: Enable; 1: Normal) Audio ON/OFF switch with internal pull-up (1: OFF; 0: ON) Bus power selection (1: Device Self Power; 0: Bus Power) Audio output (4 KHz frequency) when system switches Interrupt signal output to external MCU when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (falling-edge triggered) Ground Ground
I
16
CSN
I
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
4
RDN DOWNUSB2_DP DOWNUSB2_DM DOWNUSB1_DP DOWNUSB1_DM WRN EXTCPUMOD VSS
I I/O I/O I/O I/O I I PWR
When not using external parallel MCU, it should be pulled down. Address latch enable when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (1: AD bus is address; 0: AD bus is data) Chip enable for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (0: Enable) Read strobe for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (0: Enable) DownPort2 DP DownPort2 DM DownPort1 DP DownPort1 DM Read strobe for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD ='1' (0: Enable; 1: Normal) External MCU mode selection (1: Parallel; 0: Serial). Serial is the default mode. Digital ground
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
Pin #
25 26
Pin Name
VCC SWITCHMODE0
I/O
PWR I
Description
3.3V digital input power Switch mode selection (SW0, SW1) for internal hotkey mode when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='0', it's defined as: (0, 0): [Scroll][Scroll] mode (default) (0, 1): [Caps Lock][Caps Lock] mode (1, 0): [Num Lock][Num Lock] mode (1, 1): [Ctrl][Shift] mode (left-hand side) Enable external MCU mode (1: Enable; 0: Disable). Disable is the default setting. PS2 clock signal (external pull-up required) PS2 data signal (external pull-up required) Bit 0 with internal pull-up in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus SDA signal (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus SDA signal (master mode) when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='1' Bit 1 with internal pull-up in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus SCL signal (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus SCL signal (master mode) when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='1' Bit 2 with internal pull-down in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus address 0 (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus master mode enable bit when SWITCHMODE2='0' General purpose output pin 2 General purpose output pin 1 General purpose output pin 0 Monitor Select : ('0' : Monitor1 Select ; `1' : Monitor2 Select) Data3 or Address3 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'; I2C slave address1 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0'; Data4 or Address4 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'; I2C slave address2 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0';
27 28 29 30
SWITCHMODE1 SWITCHMODE2 PS2_CLK PS2_DAT
I I I/O I/O
31
D0
I/O
32
D1
I/O
33
D2
I/O
34 35 36 37 38
GPO2 GPO1 GPO0 MONITOREN0 D3
O O O O I/O
39
D4
I/O
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
5
Pin #
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
Pin Name
D5 D6 D7 UPUSB1_DP UPUSB1_DM UPUSB2_DP UPUSB2_DM UP1LEDN UP2LEDN
I/O
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O O O
Description
Data5 or Address5 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' Data6 or Address6 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' Data7 or Address7 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' Upstream Port 1 DP Upstream Port 1 DM Upstream Port 2 DP Upstream Port 2 DM System 1 LED Indicator System 2 LED Indicator
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AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
4. System Architecture and Reference Design
4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram
Figure 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram
Host 1
Host 2
USB Protocol Engine
USB Protocol Engine
Downstream Port
Downstream Port
Downstream Port Data Checker
Downstream Port Data Multiplexor
Switch Detection
port 1: USB Keyboard; port 2: USB Mouse; PS2 port: PS2 Keyboard
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
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5. Hot Key Definition
AU9226 supports 2 sets of "Hot Key" to help users to switch PC, rapidly and easily, via hot key sequence defined using keypads on the left hand side of a keyboard.
5.1 [Scroll]++[Scroll] mode
Hot Key Definition
[Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + 1 (note1) [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + 2 [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + or [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + or [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + B [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + S [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + S + n [Scroll]++[Scroll]+F1~F8 [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Caps] [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Num] [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Ctrl] Switch to PC1 Switch to PC2 Switch to Next PC Switch to Previous PC Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC) switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4). Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode
5.2 [Caps]++[Caps] mode
Hot Key Definition
[Caps]++[Caps]+1 [Caps]++[Caps]+2 [Caps]++[Caps]+ or [Caps]++[Caps]+ or [Caps]++[Caps]+B [Caps]++[Caps]+S [Caps]++[Caps]+S + n [Caps]++[Caps]+F1~F8 [Caps]++[Caps]+[Scroll] [Caps]++[Caps]+[Num] [Caps]++[Caps]+[Ctrl] Switch to PC1 Switch to PC2 Switch to Next PC Switch to Previous PC Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode
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AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
5.3 [Num]++[Num] Mode
Hot Key Definition
[Num]++[Num]+1 [Num]++[Num]+2 [Num]++[Num]+ or [Num]++[Num]+ or [Num]++[Num]+B [Num]++[Num]+S [Num]++[Num]+S + n [Num]++[Num]+F1~F8 [Num]++[Num]+[Scroll] [Num]++[Num]+[Caps] [Num]++[Num]+[Ctrl] Switch to PC1 Switch to PC2 Switch to Next PC Switch to Previous PC Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode
5.4 [Ctrl]+[Shift] mode (left-hand side)
Hot Key Definition
[Ctrl]++[Ctrl] [Ctrl + Shift + 1] [Ctrl + Shift + 2] [Ctrl + Shift + or ] [Ctrl + Shift + or ] [Ctrl + Shift + B] [Ctrl + Shift + S] [Ctrl + Shift + S + n] [Ctrl + Shift + F1~F8] [Ctrl + Shift + Scroll] [Ctrl + Shift + Caps] [Ctrl + Shift + Num] Switch to next live PC Switch to PC1 Switch to PC2 Switch to Next PC Switch to Previous PC Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode
Note 1: "++" means press key rapidly, "[Scroll]++[Scroll]+1" means press "Scroll" twice rapidly and then press "1". If system receives "Scroll ++ Scroll" command only, system will reset the buffer when it does not receive any input comes after within a defined interval of time (say, 5 seconds). Note 2: Audible feedback when beeper is ON and keep the device in silent mode when beeper is OFF. Note 3: n = number from 1 to 9, each represents 5 seconds' interval latency to 60 seconds correspondingly.
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 9
Auto-scan rate set Nnumber 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Note 4: Function key +F1 Function key +F2 Function key +F3 Function key +F4 Function key +F5 Function key +F6 Function key +F7 Function key +F8 GPO 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 GPO 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 GPO 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Second 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 60
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AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
6. Electrical Characteristics
6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions
Table 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions SYMBOL
VCC VIN TORP TSTG
PARAMETER
Power Supply Input Voltage Operating Temperature Storage Temperature
MIN
4.75 0 0 -40
TYP
5
MAX
5.25 VCC 85 125
UNITS
V V OC OC
6.2 General DC Characteristics
Table 6.2 General DC Characteristics SYMBOL
IIL IIH OZ CIN COUT CBID
PARAMETER
Input low current Input high current Tri-state leakage current Input capacitance Output capacitance Bi-directional buffer capacitance
CONDITIONS
no pull-up or pull-down no pull-up or pull-down
MIN
-1 -1 -10
TYP
MAX
1 1 10
UNITS
A A A F F F
5 5 5
6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells
Table 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells Limits SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS UNIT MIN TYP MAX
VIL VIH VOL VOH RI Input Low Voltage Input Hight Voltage Output low voltage Output high voltage Input Pull-up/down resistance CMOS CMOS IOL=4mA, 16mA IOH=4mA,16mA Vil=0V or Vih=VCC 2.4 10k/20 0k
11
0.9 2.3 0.4
V V V V K
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
6.4 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization
The following setup was used to measure the open loop voltage gain for crystal oscillator circuits. The feedback resistor serves to bias the circuit at its quiescent operating point and the AC coupling capacitor, Cs, is much larger than C1 and C2.
Figure 6.1 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization
6.5 ESD Test Results
Test Description: ESD Testing was performed on a Zapmaster system using the Human-Body -Model (HBM) and Machine-Model (MM), according to MIL_STD 883 and EIAJ IC_121 respectively. Human-Body-Model stress devices by sudden application of a high voltage supplied by a 100 PF capacitor through 1.5 Kohm resistance. Machine-Model stresses devices by sudden application of a high voltage supplied by a 200 PF capacitor through very low (0 ohm) resistance Test circuit & condition Zap Interval : 1 second Number of Zaps : 3 positive and 3 negative at room temperature Critera : I-V Curve Tracing
Table 6.4 ESD Data Model
HBM MM
Model
Vdd, Vss, I/C Vdd, Vss, I/C
S/S
15 15
TARGET
2000V 200V
Results
TBD TBD
12
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
6.6 Latch-Up Test Results
Test Description: Latch-Up testing was performed at room ambient using an IMCS-4600 system which applies a stepped voltage to one pin per device with all other pins open except Vdd and Vss which were biased to 5 Volts and ground respectively. Testing was started at 5.0 V (Positive) or 0 V(Negative), and the DUT was biased for 0.5 seconds. If neither the PUT current supply nor the device current supply reached the predefined limit (DUT=0 mA , Icc=100 mA), then the voltage was increased by 0.1 Volts and the pin was tested again. This procedure was recommended by the JEDEC JC-40.2 CMOS Logic standardization committee.
Notes: 1. DUT: Device Under Test. 2. PUT: Pin Under Test.
Icc Measurement
m
1 Source
Pin Pin under under test test
V Supply
Vcc
+
Untested Input Tied to V supply Trigger Source
DUT
GND
Untested Output Open Circuit
+
Test Circuit : Positive Input/ output Overvoltage /Overcurrent
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
13
Icc M easurem ent
mA
1 Source
V Supply
Vcc Pin under test
+
Untested Input Tied to V supply
Trigger Source
DUT
GND
Untested Output O pen Circuit
+
Test Circuit: Negative Input/Output Overvoltage/Overcurrent
Icc Measurement mA V Supply Untested Output Open Circuit
Vcc All Input Tied to V supply
+
DUT
GND
Supply voltage Test
Figure 6.2 Latch-Up Test Circuits
Model
Model
Voltage (v)/ Current (mA)
11.0 11.0 200 200 9.0
S/S
5 5 5
Results
TBD TBD TBD
+ Voltage + Current Vdd-Vxx
Table 6.5 Latch-Up Data
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AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
7. Mechanical Information
Figure 7.1 Mechanical Information Diagram
E
E1
GAUGE PLANE
D D1
0.25
SEATING PLANE
A1
L
L1
C1
A2
A
b
e
SYMBOLS A A1 A2 c1 D D1 E E1 e b L L1
MIN. MAX. -1.6 0.05 0.15 1.35 1.45 0.09 0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.5 BSC 0.17 0.27 0.45 0.75 1 REF
1. JEDEC OUTLINE: MS-026 BBC 2. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25mm PER SIDE. D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE DIMENSIONS IMCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. 3. DIMENSION b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED THE MAXIMUM b DIMENSION BY MORE THAN 0.08mm
AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W
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7. Abbreviations
In this chapter some of the terms and abbreviations used throughout the technical reference manual are listed as follows. SIE UTMI Serial Interface Engine USB Transceiver Macrocell Interface
About Alcor Micro, Corp.
Alcor Micro, Corp. designs, develops and markets highly integrated and advanced peripheral semiconductor, and software driver solutions for the personal computer and consumer electronics markets worldwide. We specialize in USB solutions and focus on emerging technology such as USB and IEEE 1394. The company offers a range of semiconductors including controllers for USB hub, integrated keyboard/USB hub and USB Flash memory card reader...etc. Alcor Micro, Corp. is based in Taipei, Taiwan, with sales offices in Taipei, Japan, Korea and California. Alcor Micro is distinguished by its ability to provide innovative solutions for spec-driven products. Innovations like single chip solutions for traditional multiple chip products and on-board voltage regulators enable the company to provide cost-efficiency solutions for the computer peripheral device OEM customers worldwide.
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AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W

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