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INA139 INA169
SBOS181A - DECEMBER 2000 - REVISED JANUARY 2003
High-Side Measurement CURRENT SHUNT MONITOR
FEATURES
q COMPLETE UNIPOLAR HIGH-SIDE CURRENT MEASUREMENT CIRCUIT q WIDE SUPPLY AND COMMON-MODE RANGE q INA139: 2.7V to 40V q INA169: 2.7V to 60V q INDEPENDENT SUPPLY AND INPUT COMMONMODE VOLTAGES q SINGLE RESISTOR GAIN SET q LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT (60A typ) q SOT23-5 PACKAGE
DESCRIPTION
The INA139 and INA169 are high-side, unipolar, current shunt monitors. Wide input common-mode voltage range, high-speed, low quiescent current, and tiny SOT23 packaging enable use in a variety of applications. Input common-mode and power-supply voltages are independent and can range from 2.7V to 40V for the INA139 and 2.7V to 60V for the INA169. Quiescent current is only 60A, which permits connecting the power supply to either side of the current measurement shunt with minimal error. The device converts a differential input voltage to a current output. This current is converted back to a voltage with an external load resistor that sets any gain from 1 to over 100. Although designed for current shunt measurement, the circuit invites creative applications in measurement and level shifting. Both the INA139 and INA169 are available in SOT23-5 packages and are specified for the -40C to +85C industrial temperature range.
APPLICATIONS
q CURRENT SHUNT MEASUREMENT: Automotive, Telephone, Computers q PORTABLE AND BATTERY-BACKUP SYSTEMS q BATTERY CHARGERS q POWER MANAGEMENT q CELL PHONES q PRECISION CURRENT SOURCE
RS VIN+ Up to 60V 3 VIN+ 1k 4
IS
VIN- 1k
Load
V+ 5
OUT GND 2 1 RL
VO = ISRSRL/1k
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright (c) 2000, 2003, Texas Instruments Incorporated
www.ti.com
PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION
PACKAGE DESIGNATOR(1) DBV SPECIFIED TEMPERATURE RANGE -40C to +85C PACKAGE MARKING E39 ORDERING NUMBER INA139NA/250 INA139NA/3K INA169NA/250 INA169NA/3K TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY Tape and Reel, 250 Tape and Reel, 3000 Tape and Reel, 250 Tape and Reel, 3000
PRODUCT INA139
PACKAGE-LEAD SOT23-5 Surface-Mount
"
INA169
"
SOT23-5 Surface-Mount
"
DBV
"
-40C to +85C
"
A69
"
"
"
"
"
NOTE: (1) For the most current specifications and package information, refer to our web site at www.ti.com.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(1)
Supply Voltage, V+ INA139 ............................................................................... -0.3V to 60V INA169 ............................................................................... -0.3V to 75V Analog Inputs, VIN+, VIN- INA139 Common Mode ............................................................... -0.3V to 60V Differential (VIN+) - (VIN-) .................................................. -40V to 2V INA169 Common Mode ............................................................... -0.3V to 75V Differential (VIN+) - (VIN-) .................................................. -40V to 2V Analog Output, Out .............................................................. -0.3V to 40V Operating Temperature .................................................. -55C to +125C Storage Temperature ..................................................... -55C to +125C Junction Temperature .................................................................... +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ............................................... +300C NOTE: (1) Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not implied.
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVITY
This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.
PIN CONFIGURATION
Top View SOT
OUT GND
+ VIN
1 2 3
5
V+
4
- VIN
2
INA139, INA169
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SBOS181A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
At TA = -40C to +85C, VS = 5V, VIN+ = 12V, and ROUT = 25k, unless otherwise noted. INA139NA PARAMETER INPUT Full-Scale Sense Voltage Common-Mode Input Range Common-Mode Rejection Offset RTI vs Temperature vs Power Supply, V+ Input Bias Current OUTPUT Transconductance vs Temperature Nonlinearity Error Total Output Error Output Impedance Voltage Output Swing to Power Supply, V+ Swing to Common Mode, VCM FREQUENCY RESPONSE Bandwidth Settling Time (0.1%) NOISE Output-Current Noise Density Total Output-Current Noise POWER SUPPLY Operating Range, V+ Quiescent Current TEMPERATURE RANGE Specification, TMIN to TMAX Operating Storage Thermal Resistance Voltage(1) CONDITION VSENSE = (VIN+) - (VIN-) VIN+ = 2.7V to 40V, VSENSE = 50mV VIN+ = 2.7V to 60V, VSENSE = 50mV TMIN to TMAX V- = 2.7V to 40V, VSENSE = 50mV V- = 2.7V to 60V, VSENSE = 50mV (VIN+) - (VIN-) VSENSE = 10mV - 150mV VSENSE = 100mV VSENSE = 10mV to 150mV VSENSE = 100mV 990 2.7 100 MIN TYP 100 115 100 0.2 1 0.5 10 1000 10 0.01 0.5 1 || 5 1010 0.1 2 1 10 0.1 40 125 85 125 150 200 60 10 120 MAX 500 40 MIN INA169NA TYP MAX 60 UNITS mV V dB dB mV V/C V/V V/V uA A/V nA/C % % G || pF V V kHz kHz s s pA/Hz nA RMS V A C C C C/W

(V+) - 0.9 (V+) - 1.2 VCM - 0.6 VCM - 1.0 ROUT = 10k ROUT = 20k 5V Step, ROUT = 10k 5V Step, ROUT = 20k 440 220 2.5 5.0 20 7 2.7 VSENSE = 0, IO = 0 -40 -55 -65 60

BW = 100kHz
JA
Specification same as for the INA139NA. NOTE: (1) Defined as the amount of input voltage, VSENSE, to drive the output to zero.
INA139, INA169
SBOS181A
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3
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
At TA = +25C, V+ = 5V, VIN+ = 12V, and RL = 25k, unless otherwise noted.
GAIN vs FREQUENCY 40 RL = 100k 30 RL = 10k 20
Common-Mode Rejection (dB)
COMMON-MODE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 120 100 80 G = 10 60 G=1 40 20 0 G = 100
Gain (dB)
10 0 -10 -20 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency (Hz) RL = 1k
0.1
1
10
100 Frequency (Hz)
1k
10k
100k
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 140 120 G = 100 100 PSR (dB) G = 10 80 G=1 60 40 20 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k Frequency (Hz)
-15 0 25 5
TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR vs VIN -55C
+ - VIN = (VIN - VIN)
Total Output Error (%)
0
-5 +25C -10
+150C
50
75
100
125
150
200
VIN (mV)
TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR vs POWER-SUPPLY VOLTAGE 2 Output error is essentially independent of both V+ supply voltage and input common-mode voltage. G=1 G = 10 -1 G = 25
QUIESCENT CURRENT vs POWER-SUPPLY VOLTAGE 100 +150 +125 +25 -55
Total Output Error (%)
1
Quiescent Current (A)
80
60
0
40
20
Use the INA169 with (V+) > 40V 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
-2 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Power-Supply Voltage (V)
0 Power-Supply Voltage (V)
4
INA139, INA169
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SBOS181A
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont.)
At TA = +25C, V+ = 5V, VIN+ = 12V, and RL = 25k, unless otherwise noted.
STEP RESPONSE
STEP RESPONSE
1.5V G = 100 0.5V
1V G = 50 0V
1V G = 100 0V
2V G = 10 0V
20s/div
10s/div
OPERATION
Figure 1 shows the basic circuit diagram for both the INA139 and the INA169. Load current, IS, is drawn from the supply, VS, through the shunt resistor, RS. The voltage drop in the shunt resistor, VS, is forced across RG1 by the internal op amp, causing current to flow into the collector of Q1. The external resistor, RL, converts the output current to a voltage, VOUT, at the OUT pin.
The transfer function for the INA139 is: IO = gm (VIN+) - (VIN-) where gm = 1000A/V (1) (2)
In the circuit of Figure 1, the input voltage, (VIN+) - (VIN-), is equal to IS * RS and the output voltage, VOUT, is equal to IO * RL. The transconductance, gm, of the INA139 is 1000A/V. The complete transfer function for the current measurement amplifier in this application is: VOUT = (IS) (RS) (1000A/V) (RL) (3)
VP Load Power Supply +2.7V to 40V(1)
Shunt RS VIN+ 3 VIN- 4
IS
V+ power can be common or indepedent of load supply. 2.7V (V+) 40V(1)
V+ RG1 1k RG2 1k
Load
5
Q1
VOLTAGE GAIN 1 2 5 10 20 50 100
EXACT RL () 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k 100k
NEAREST 1% RL () 1k 2k 4.99k 10k 20k 49k 100k
INA139 2
OUT 1 IO RL
+ VO -
NOTE: (1) Maximum VP and V+ voltage is 60V with the INA169.
FIGURE 1. Basic Circuit Connections.
INA139, INA169
SBOS181A
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5
The maximum differential input voltage for accurate measurements is 0.5V, which produces a 500A output current. A differential input voltage of up to 2V will not cause damage. Differential measurements (pins 3 and 4) must be unipolar with a more-positive voltage applied to pin 3. If a morenegative voltage is applied to pin 3, the output current (IO) is zero, but will not cause damage.
IS
3
4
INA139 OPA340
ZIN
BASIC CONNECTION
Figure 1 shows the basic connection of the INA139. The input pins, VIN+ and VIN- , must be connected as closely as possible to the shunt resistor to minimize any resistance in series with the shunt resistance. The output resistor, RL, is shown connected between pin 1 and ground. Best accuracy is achieved with the output voltage measured directly across RL. This is especially important in high-current systems where load current can flow in the ground connections, affecting the measurement accuracy. No power-supply bypass capacitors are required for stability of the INA139. However, applications with noisy or highimpedance power supplies can require decoupling capacitors to reject power-supply noise; connect the bypass capacitors close to the device pins.
RL
Buffer of amp drives the A/D converter without affecting gain.
FIGURE 2. Buffering Output to Drive the A/D Converter.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE
The output of the INA139 is a current that is converted to a voltage by the load resistor, RL. The output current remains accurate within the compliance voltage range of the output circuitry. The shunt voltage and the input common-mode and power-supply voltages limit the maximum possible output swing. The maximum output voltage compliance is limited by the lower of the two equations below: VOUT
MAX
= (V+) - 0.7V - (VIN+) - (VIN-) or = (VIN-) - 0.5V
(4) (5)
POWER SUPPLIES
The input circuitry of the INA139 can accurately measure beyond its power-supply voltage, V+. For example, the V+ power supply can be 5V whereas the load power-supply voltage is up to +36V (or +60V with the INA169). However, the output voltage range of the OUT terminal (pin 1) is limited by the lesser of the two voltages (see the Output Voltage Range section).
VOUT
MAX
(whichever is lower)
BANDWIDTH
Measurement bandwidth is affected by the value of the load resistor, RL. High gain produced by high values of RL will yield a narrower measurement bandwidth (see the Typical Characteristics). For widest possible bandwidth, keep the capacitive load on the output to a minimum. If bandwidth limiting (filtering) is desired, a capacitor can be added to the output, as shown in Figure 3, which will not cause instability.
SELECTING RS AND RL
The value chosen for the shunt resistor, RS, depends on the application and is a compromise between small-signal accuracy and maximum permissible voltage loss in the measurement line. High values of RS provide better accuracy at lower currents by minimizing the effects of offset, whereas low values of RS minimize voltage loss in the supply line. For most applications, best performance is attained with an RS value that provides a full-scale shunt voltage of 50mV to 100mV; maximum input voltage for accurate measurements is 500mV. RL is chosen to provide the desired full-scale output voltage. The output impedance of the INA139 OUT terminal is very high, which permits using values of RL up to 100k with excellent accuracy. The input impedance of any additional circuitry at the output must be much higher than the value of RL to avoid degrading accuracy. Some Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converters have input impedances that will significantly affect measurement gain. The input impedance of the A/D converter can be included as part of the effective RL if its input can be modeled as a resistor to ground. Alternatively, an op amp can be used to buffer the A/D converter input, as shown in Figure 2, see Figure 1 for recommended values of RL.
3
4 f-3dB INA139 1 f-3dB = 2RLCL VO RL CL
FIGURE 3. Output Filter.
APPLICATIONS
The INA139 is designed for current shunt measurement circuits (see Figure 1), but its basic function is useful in a wide range of circuitry. A creative engineer will find many unforeseen uses in measurement and level shifting circuits. A few ideas are illustrated in Figures 4 through 7.
6
INA139, INA169
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SBOS181A
3
4
VR
3
4
V+
INA139
R1 1 R2 VO
INA139
REF200 100A 1 RL VO
Gain Set by R1 R2 (V )R Output Offset = R 2 R1 + R 2 a) Using resistor divider.
Gain Set by RL Output Offset = (100A)(RL) (independent of V+) b) Using current source.
FIGURE 4. Offsetting the Output Voltage.
1A 1
Charger
3 + 48V +5V 5 1k
4
4
3
1k
1k
1k 5
+5V
Load
INA169 1 2
INA169 2 1N4148 1 Comparator SIGN
1N4148
10K
10K 0V to 1V VO 100K
FIGURE 5. Bipolar Current Measurement.
INA139, INA169
SBOS181A
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7
V+
RS
4
3
3
4 +5V
+5V 5 5
+5V
REFOUT BUFIN
BUFOUT
Digital I/O
REF
BUF
INA139 1 2
INA139 2 1 MUX PGIA 12-Bit A/D Converter
RL 25k
RL 25k
Clock Divider Oscillator
Serial I/O
ADS7870
The A/D converter is programmed for differential input. Depending on the polarity of the current, one INA139 provides an output voltage whereas the other's output is zero.
FIGURE 6. Bipolar Current Measurement Using a Differential Input of the A/D Converter.
Other INA169s Digital I/O on the ADS7870 provides power to select the desired INA169. Diodes prevent output current of an "on" INA169 from flowing into an "off" INA169. V+
--
INA169
+5V REFOUT BUFIN BUFOUT
Digital I/O INA169 V+
--
REF
BUF
MUX 1N4148
PGIA
12-Bit A/D Converter
RL
Clock Divider Oscillator
Serial I/O
ADS7870
FIGURE 7. Multiplexed Measurement Using Logic Signal for Power.
8
INA139, INA169
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SBOS181A
PACKAGE DRAWING
DBV (R-PDSO-G5)
PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE
0,95 5 4
0,50 0,30
0,20 M
1,70 1,50
3,00 2,60
0,15 NOM
1 3,00 2,80
3
Gage Plane
0,25 0 - 8 0,55 0,35
Seating Plane 1,45 0,95 0,05 MIN 0,10 4073253-4/G 01/02
NOTES: A. B. C. D.
All linear dimensions are in millimeters. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion. Falls within JEDEC MO-178
INA139, INA169
SBOS181A
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9
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Copyright 2003, Texas Instruments Incorporated

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