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Preliminary Information
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
PIN ASSIGNMENT (9 x 9 mm SMT)
MR_SEL2 GND AUTO DIF_REF0 nDIF_REF0 REF_SEL DIF_REF1 nDIF_REF1 VCC MR_SEL1 MR_SEL0 REF_ACK LOL NBW VCC DNC DNC DNC 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The M1040 is a VCSO (Voltage Controlled SAW Oscillator) based clock generator PLL designed for clock protection, frequency translation and jitter attenuation in OC-12/48 class optical networking systems. It features dual differential inputs with two modes of input selection: manual and automatic upon clock failure. The clock multiplication ratios and output divider ratio are pin selectable. This device provides two outputs. External loop components allow the tailoring of PLL loop response.
FEATURES
Integrated SAW (surface acoustic wave) delay line; low phase jitter of < 0.5ps rms, typical (12kHz to 20MHz) Output frequencies of 62.5 to 175 MHz *; Two differential LVPECL outputs (CML, LVDS options available) Loss of Lock (LOL) indicator output Narrow Bandwidth control input (NBW pin); Initialization (INIT) input overrides NBW at power-up Dual reference clock inputs support LVDS, LVPECL, LVCMOS, LVTTL AutoSwitch (AUTO pin) - automatic (non-revertive) reference clock reselection upon clock failure; Hitless Switching (HS), Phase Build-out (PBO) options enable SONET (GR-253)/SDH (G.813) MTIE/TDEV compliance Acknowledge pin (REF_ACK pin) indicates the actively selected reference input Industrial temperature available Single 3.3V power supply Small 9 x 9 mm SMT (surface mount) package
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
M1040
(Top View)
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
P_SEL INIT nFOUT0 FOUT0 GND nFOUT1 FOUT1 VCC GND
Figure 1: Pin Assignment
Example I/O Clock Frequency Combinations Using M1040-11-155.5200
Input Reference Clock (MHz) 19.44 77.76 155.52 622.08 PLL Ratio
(Pin Selectable)
GND GND GND OP_IN nOP_OUT nVC VC OP_OUT nOP_IN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Output Clock (MHz)
(Pin Selectable)
8 2 1 0.25
155.52 or 77.76
Table 1: Example I/O Clock Frequency Combinations
* Specify VCSO center frequency at time of order.
SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM
Loop Filter
M1040
NBW
MUX PLL Phase Detector
DIF_REF0 nDIF_REF0 DIF_REF1 nDIF_REF1 REF_ACK REF_SEL AUTO Auto INIT LOL MR_SEL2:0
3
Ref Sel
0
R Div VCSO
1
0 1
M Divider
LOL Phase Detector
M / R Divider
P Divider
(1 or 2)
FOUT0 nFOUT0 FOUT1 nFOUT1
LUT
P_SEL
Figure 2: Simplified Block Diagram
M1040 Datasheet Rev 0.1
M1040 VCSO Based Clock PLL with AutoSwitch
Revised 11Nov2003
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
Communications Modules
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M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Number 1, 2, 3, 10, 14, 26 4 9 5 8 6 7 11, 19, 33 12 13 15 16 17 Name GND OP_IN nOP_IN nOP_OUT OP_OUT nVC VC VCC FOUT1 nFOUT1 FOUT0 nFOUT0 INIT I/O Configuration Description
Ground Input Output Input Power Output Output Input No internal terminator No internal terminator Internal pull-UP resistor1 Internal pull-down1 Biased to Vcc/2 2 Input Internal pull-down resistor1 Input Internal pull-down resistor1 Biased to Vcc/2 3 Input Internal pull-down resistor1 Input Internal pull-down resistor1
Power supply ground connections. External loop filter connections. See Figure 5, External Loop Filter, on pg. 8.
Power supply connection, connect to +3.3V. Clock output pair 1. Differential LVPECL. Clock output pair 0. Differential LVPECL. Power-on Initialization; LVCMOS/LVTTL: Logic 1 allows device to enter narrow mode if selected (in addition must have 8 LOL=0 counts) Logic 0 forced device into wide bandwidth mode. Post-PLL , P divider selection. LVCMOS/LVTTL. See Table 4, P Divider Selector Values and Frequencies, on pg. 3. Reference Differential LVPECL/ LVDS clock input Differential LVPECL/ LVDS, or single pair 1. ended LVCMOS/ LVTTL Reference clock input selection. LVCMOS/LVTTL. Logic 1 selects DIF_REF1/nDIF_REF1 inputs Logic 0 selects DIF_REF0/nDIF_REF0 inputs Reference Differential LVPECL/ LVDS clock input Differential LVPECL/ LVDS, or single pair 0. ended LVCMOS/ LVTTL Automatic/manual reselection mode for clock input: Logic 1 automatic reselection upon clock failure (non-revertive) Logic 0 manual selection only (using REF_SEL) M and R divider value selection. LVCMOS/ LVTTL. See Table 3, M and R Divider Look-Up Tables (LUT) on pg. 3. Reference Acknowledgement pin for input mux state; outputs the currently selected reference input pair: Logic 1 indicates nDIF_REF1, DIF_REF1 Logic 0 indicates nDIF_REF0, DIF_REF0 Loss of Lock indicator output. 4 Logic 1 indicates loss of lock. Logic 0 indicates locked condition. Narrow Bandwidth enable. LVCMOS/LVTTL: Logic 1 - Narrow loop bandwidth, RIN = 2100k . Logic 0 - Wide bandwidth, RIN = 100k . Do Not Connect.
Table 2: Pin Descriptions
18 20 21 22 23 24
P_SEL nDIF_REF1 DIF_REF1 REF_SEL nDIF_REF0 DIF_REF0
25 27 28 29 30
AUTO MR_SEL2 MR_SEL1 MR_SEL0 REF_ACK
Input
Internal pull-UP resistor1
Output
31
LOL
Output Internal pull-UP resistor1
32 34, 35, 36
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4:
NBW DNC
Input
For typical values of internal pull-down and pull-up resistors, see DC Characteristics on pg. 10. Biased to Vcc/2, with 50k to Vcc and 50k to ground. Float if using DIF_REF1 as LVCMOS input. See DC Characteristics on pg. 10. Biased to Vcc/2, with 50k to Vcc and 50k to ground. Float if using DIF_REF0 as LVCMOS input. See DC Characteristics on pg. 10. See LVCMOS Outputs in DC Characteristics on pg. 10.
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M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
DETAILED BLOCK DIAGRAM
R LOOP C LOOP R POST C POST C POST R LOOP C LOOP OP_OUT R POST nOP_OUT nVC VC
External Loop Filter Components
M1040
OP_IN
nOP_IN
NBW
MUX PLL Phase Detector
DIF_REF0 nDIF_REF0 DIF_REF1 nDIF_REF1 REF_ACK REF_SEL AUTO Auto INIT LOL MR_SEL2:0
3
Ref Sel
R IN
0
R
Divider R IN Loop Filter Amplifier
1
Phase Locked Loop (PLL)
SAW Delay Line
Phase Shifter
VCSO 0 1
M Divider
LOL Phase Detector
M / R Divider
P Divider
FOUT0 nFOUT0 FOUT1 nFOUT1
LUT
P_SEL
Figure 3: Detailed Block Diagram
PLL DIVIDER SELECTION TABLES
M and R Divider Look-Up Tables (LUT) The MR_SEL2:0 pins select the feedback and reference divider values M and R to enable adjustment of loop bandwidth and jitter tolerance. The look-up is defined in Table 3.
M1040 M/R Divider LUT
MR_SEL3:0 M Div R Div Phase Det. Total Fin for Freq. for PLL 155.52MHz 155.52MHz Ratio VCSO (MHz) VCSO (MHz)
General Guidelines for M and R Divider Selection
General guidelines for M/R divider selection (see following pages for more detail):
* A lower phase detector frequency should be used for
loop timing applications to assure PLL tracking, especially during GR-253 jitter tolerance testing. The recommended maximum phase detector frequency for loop timing mode is 19.44MHz. The LOL pin should not be used during loop timing mode. When LOL is to be used for system health monitoring, the phase detector frequency should be 5MHz or greater. Low phase detector frequencies make LOL overly sensitive, and higher phase detector frequencies make LOL less sensitive. The preceding guideline also applies when using the AutoSwitch Mode, since AutoSwitch uses the LOL output for clock fault detection.
*
000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
8 64 2 16 1 8 2
1 8 1 8 1 8 8
8 8 2 2 1 1 N/A 0.25
19.44 19.44 77.76 77.76 155.52 155.52 N/A 622.08
19.44 2.43 77.76 9.72 155.52 19.44 N/A 77.76
*
Post-PLL Divider The M1040 also features a post-PLL (P) divider for the output clocks. It divides the VCSO frequency to produce one of two selectable output frequencies (1/2 or 1/1 of the VCSO frequency). That selected frequency appears on both clock output pairs. The P_SEL pin selects the value for the P divider.
P_SEL
Test Mode1
Table 3: M1040 M/R Divider LUT
Note 1: Factory test mode; do not use.
Table 3 provides example Fin and phase detector frequencies with 155.52MHz VCSO devices (e.g., M1040-11-155.5200). See "Ordering Information" on pg. 12.
P Value 2 1
1 0
Output Frequency (MHz) 77.76 155.52
M1040-11-155.52
Table 4: P Divider Selector Values and Frequencies
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M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information Input Reference Clocks Two clock reference inputs and a selection mux are provided. Either reference clock input can accept a differential clock signal (such as LVPECL or LVDS) or a single-ended clock input (LVCMOS or LVTTL on the non-inverting input).
A single-ended reference clock on the unselected reference input can cause an increase in output clock jitter. For this reason, differential reference inputs are preferred; interference from a differential input on the non-selected input is minimal.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The M1040 is a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) based clock generator that generates two output clocks synchronized to one of two selectable input reference clocks. An internal high "Q" SAW delay line provides a low jitter clock output. A pin-selected look-up table is used to select the PLL feedback divider (M Div) and reference divider (R Div) as shown in Table 3 on pg. 3. The look-up table provides flexibility in both the overall frequency multiplication ratio (total PLL ratio) and phase detector frequency. External loop filter component values influence the PLL bandwidth, which is used to optimize jitter attenuation characteristics. The device features dual differential inputs with two input selection modes: manual and automatic upon clock failure. (The differential inputs are internally configured for easy single-ended operation.) The M1040 also includes: a Loss of Lock (LOL) indicator, a reference mux state acknowledge pin (REF_ACK), a Narrow Bandwidth control input pin (NBW pin), and a Power-on Initialization (INIT) input (which overrides NBW=0 to facilitate acquisition of phase lock). An automatic input reselection feature, or "AutoSwitch" is also included in the M1040. When the AutoSwitch mode is enabled, the device will automatically switch to the other reference clock input when the currently selected reference clock fails. Reference selection is non-revertive, meaning that only one reference reselection will be made each time that AutoSwitch is re-enabled. In addition to the AutoSwitch feature, Hitless Switching and Phase Build-out options can be ordered with the device. The Hitless Switching and Phase Build-out options help assure SONET/SDH MTIE and TDEV compliance during either a manual or automatic input reference reselection. Hitless Switching (HS) provides a controlled output clock phase change during a reference clock reselection. HS is triggered by a Loss of Lock detection by the PLL.
Implementation of single-ended input has been facilitated by biasing nDIF_REF0 and nDEF_REF1 to Vcc/2, with 50k to Vcc and 50k to ground. Figure 4 shows the input clock structure and how it is used with either LVCMOS / LVTTL inputs or a DC- coupled LVPECL clock.
LVCMOS/ LVTTL 50k X 50k
VCC 50k
MUX
0
VCC 127
1
LVPECL
82
VCC 127
50k
VCC 50k
82
50k
REF_SEL
Figure 4: Input Reference Clocks
Differential Inputs
Differential LVPECL inputs are connected to both reference input pins in the usual manner. The external load termination resistors shown in Figure 4 (the 127 and 82 resistors) will work for both AC and DC coupled LVPECL reference clock lines. These provide the 50 load termination and the VTT bias voltage.
Single-ended Inputs
Single-ended inputs (LVCMOS or LVTTL) are connected to the non-inverting reference input pin (DIF_REF0 or DIF_REF1). The inverting reference input pin (nDIF_REF0 or nDIF_REF1) must be left unconnected.
In single-ended operation, when the unused inverting input pin (nDIF_REF0 or nDEF_REF1) is left floating (not connected), the input will self-bias at VCC/2.
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PLL Operation The M1040 is a complete clock PLL. It uses a phase detector and configurable dividers to synchronize the output of the VCSO with the selected reference clock. The "M" divider divides the VCSO output frequency, feeding the result into the plus input of the phase detector. The output of the "R" divider is fed into the minus input of the phase detector. The phase detector compares its two inputs. The phase detector output, filtered externally, causes the VCSO to increase or decrease in speed as needed to phase- and frequency-lock the VCSO to the reference input.
The value of the M divider directly affects closed loop bandwidth.
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information Loss of Lock Indicator Output Pin Under normal device operation, when the PLL is locked, the LOL Phase Detector drives LOL to logic 0. Under circumstances when the VCSO cannot lock to the input (as measured by a greater than 4 ns discrepancy between the feedback and reference clock rising edges at the LOL Phase Detector) the LOL output goes to logic 1. The LOL pin will return back to logic 0 when the phase detector error is less than 2 ns. The loss of lock indicator is a low current LVCMOS output.
Guidelines Using LOL As described, the LOL pin indicates when the PLL is
The relationship between the nominal VCSO center frequency (Fvcso), the M divider, the R divider, and the input reference frequency (Fin) is: M Fvcso = Fin x --R For the available M divider and R divider look-up table combinations, Tables 3 and 4 on pg. 3 list the Total PLL Ratio as well as Fin when using the M1040-11-155.5200. (See "Ordering Information", pg. 12.) Due to the narrow tuning range of the VCSO (+200ppm), appropriate selection of all of the following are required for the PLL be able to lock: VCSO center frequency, input frequency, and divider selections. Post-PLL Divider The M1040 features a post-PLL (P) divider. By using the P Divider, the device's output frequency (Fout) can be the VCSO center frequency (Fvcso) or 1/2 Fvcso. The P_SEL pin selects the value for the P divider: logic 1 sets P to 2, logic 0 sets P to 1. (See Table 5 on pg. 6.) When the P divider is included, the complete relationship for the output frequency (Fout) is defined as: M Fvcso Fout = ------------------- = Fin x ----------------P Rx P
out-of-lock with the input reference. The LOL condition is also used by the AutoSwitch circuit to detect a lost reference, as described in following sections. LOL is also used by the Hitless Switching and Phase Build-out functions (optional device features). To ensure reliable operation of LOL and guard against false out-of-lock indications, the following conditions should be met:
* The phase detector frequency should be no less than
5MHz, and preferably it should be 10MHz or greater. Phase detector frequency is defined by Fin / R. A higher phase detector frequency will result in lower phase error and less chance of false triggering the LOL phase detector. Refer to Tables 3 and 4 on pg. 3 for phase detector frequency when using the M1040-11-155.5200.
* The input reference should have an intrinsic jitter of
less than 1 ns pk-pk. If reference jitter is greater than 1 ns pk-pk, the LOL circuit might falsely trigger. Due to this limitation, the LOL circuit should not be used in loop timing mode, nor should it be used with a noisy reference clock. Likewise, the AutoSwitch, Hitless Switching, or Phase Build-out features should not be used in loop timing mode or with a noisy reference clock, since these features depend on LOL. Reference Acknowledgement (REF_ACK) Output The REF_ACK (reference acknowledgement) pin outputs the value of the reference clock input that is routed to the phase detector. Logic 1 indicates input pair 1 (nDIF_REF1, DIF_REF1); logic 0 indicates input pair 0 (nDIF_REF0, DIF_REF0). The REF_ACK indicator is an LVCMOS output.
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AutoSwitch (AUTO) Reference Clock Reselection This device offers an automatic reference clock reselection feature for switching input reference clocks upon a reference clock failure. With the AUTO input pin set to high and the LOL output low, the device is placed into automatic reselection (AutoSwitch) mode. Once in AutoSwitch mode, when LOL then goes high (due to a reference clock fault), the input clock reference is automatically reselected internally, as indicated by the state change of the REF_ACK output. Automatic clock reselection is made only once (it is non-revertive). Re-arming of automatic mode requires placing the device into manual selection (Manual Select) mode (AUTO pin low) before returning to AutoSwitch mode (AUTO pin high).
Using the AutoSwitch Feature See alsoTable 5, Example AutoSwitch Sequence.
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
REF_ACK output always indicates the reference selection status and the LOL output always indicates the PLL lock
status. A successful automatic reselection is indicated by a change of state of the REF_ACK output and a momentary level high of the LOL output (minimum high time is 10 ns).
If an automatic reselection is made to a non-valid reference clock (one to which the PLL cannot lock), the REF_ACK output will change state but the LOL output will remain high.
No further automatic reselection is made; only one reselection is made each time the AutoSwitch mode is armed. AutoSwitch mode is re-armed by placing the device into Manual Select mode (AUTO pin low) and then into AutoSwitch mode again (AUTO pin high). Following an automatic reselection and prior to selecting Manual Select mode (AUTO pin low), the REF_SEL pin has no control of reference selection. To prevent an unintential reference reselection, AutoSwitch mode must not be re-enabled until the desired state of the REF_SEL pin is set and the LOL output is low. It is recommended to delay the re-arming of AutoSwitch mode, following an automatic reselection, to ensure the PLL is fully locked on the new reference. In most system configurations, where loop bandwidth is in the range of 100-1000 Hz and damping factor below 10, a delay of 500 ms should be sufficient. Until the PLL is fully locked intermittent LOL pulses may occur.
In application, the system is powered up with the device in Manual Select mode (AUTO pin is set low), allowing sufficient time for the reference clock and device PLL to settle. The REF_SEL input selects the reference clock to be used in Manual Select mode and the initial reference clock used in AutoSwitch mode. The REF_SEL input state must be maintained when switching to AutoSwitch mode (AUTO pin high) and must still be maintained until a reference fault occurs. Once a reference fault occurs, the LOL output goes high and the input reference is automatically reselected. The
Example AutoSwitch Sequence
0 = Low; 1 = High. Example with REF_SEL initially set to 0 (i.e., DIF_REF0 selected)
REF_SEL Selected REF_ACK AUTO LOL Conditions
Input
Clock Input DIF_REF0 DIF_REF0 DIF_REF0
Output
Input
Output
Initialization
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11 1
0 0 0 0 0 -11 1 1 1
0 0 -11 1 1 1 1 -0-1-
1 -00 0 -11 -00 0 0
Device power-up. Manual Select mode. DIF_REF0 input selected reference, not yet locked to.
LOL to 0: Device locked to reference (may get intermittent LOL pulses until fully locked). AUTO set to 1: Device placed in AutoSwitch mode (with DIF_REF0 as initial reference clock).
Operation & Activation
DIF_REF0 DIF_REF0 -DIF_REF1DIF_REF1 DIF_REF1 DIF_REF1 DIF_REF1
Normal operation with AutoSwitch mode armed, with DIF_REF0 as initial reference clock.
LOL to 1: Clock fault on DIF_REF0, loss of lock indicated by LOL pin, ... ... and immediate automatic reselection to DIF_REF1 (indicated by REF_ACK pin). LOL to 0: Device locks to DIF_REF1 (assuming valid clock on DIF_REF1).
Re-initialization
REF_SEL set to 1: Prepares for Manual Selection of DIF_REF1 before then re-arming AutoSwitch. AUTO set to 0: Manual Select mode entered briefly, manually selecting DIF_REF1 as reference. AUTO set to 1: Device is placed in AutoSwitch mode (delay recommended to ensure device fully locked), re-initializing AutoSwitch with DIF_REF1 now specified as the initial reference clock.
Table 5: Example AutoSwitch Sequence
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Optional Hitless Switching and Phase Build-out The M1040 is available with a Hitless Switching feature that is enabled during device manufacturing. In addition, a Phase Build-out feature is also offered. These features are offered as device options and are specified by device order code. Refer to Section , "Ordering Information" on pg. 12. The Hitless Switching feature (with or without Phase Build-out) is designed for applications where switching occurs between two stable system reference clocks. It should not be used in loop timing applications, or when reference clock jitter is greater than 1 ns pk-pk. Hitless Switching is triggered by the LOL circuit, which is activated by a 4 ns phase transient. This magnitude of phase transient can generated by the CDR (Clock & Data Recovery unit) in loop timing mode, especially during a system jitter tolerance test. It can also be generated by some types of Stratum clock DPLLs (digital PLL), especially those that do not include a post de-jitter APLL (analog PLL). When the Hitless Switching feature is enabled, it is always triggered by LOL, whether in AutoSwitch mode (AUTO pin high) or Select mode (AUTO pin low). For example, in Manual mode, the Hitless Switching feature operates when LOL goes high even if there is no reselection of the input mux. This enables the use of an upstream clock mux (such as on the host card), while still providing MTIE compliance when readjusting to the resultant phase change. When the M1040 is operating in wide bandwidth mode (NBW=0), the optional Hitless Switching function puts the device into narrow bandwidth mode when activated. This allows the PLL to lock the new input clock phase gradually. With proper configuration of the external loop filter, the output clock complies with MTIE and TDEV specifications for GR-253 (SONET) and ITU G.813 (SDH) during input reference clock changes. The optional proprietary Phase Build-out (PBO) function enables the PLL to absorb most of the phase change of the input clock. The PBO function selects a new VCSO clock edge for the PLL Phase Detector feedback clock, selecting the edge closest in phase to the new input clock phase. This reduces re-lock time, the generation of wander, and extra output clock cycles. The Hitless Switching and Phase Build-out functions are triggered by the LOL circuit. For proper operation, a low phase detector frequency must be avoided. See Section , "Guidelines Using LOL" on pg. 5 for information regarding the phase detector frequency.
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
HS/PBO Triggers
The HS function (or the combined HS/PBO function) is armed after the device locks to the input clock reference. Once armed, HS is triggered by the occurance of a Loss of Lock condition. This would typically occur as a consequence of a clock reference failure, a clock failure upstream to the M1040, or a M1040 clock reference mux reselection.
When pin AUTO = 1 (automatic reference reselection mode) HS is used in conjunction with input reselection. When AUTO = 0 (manual mode), HS will still occur upon an input phase transient, however the clock input is not reselected (this enables hitless switching when using an external MUX for clock selection). HS/PBO Operation
Once triggered, the following HS/PBO sequence occurs: 1. The HS function disables the PLL Phase Detector and puts the device into NBW (narrow bandwidth) mode. The internal resistor Rin is changed to 2100k . See the Narrow Loop Bandwidth Control Pin (NBW Pin) on pg. 7. 2. If included, the PBO function adds to (builds out) the phase in the clock feedback path (in VCSO clock cycle increments) to align the feedback clock with the (new) reference clock input phase. 3. The PLL Phase Detector is enabled, allowing the PLL to re-lock. 4. Once the PLL Phase Detector feedback and input clocks are locked to within 2 ns for eight consecutive cycles, a timer (WBW timer) for resuming wide bandwidth (in 175 ns) is started. 5. When the WBW timer times out, the device reverts to wide loop bandwidth mode (i.e., Rin is returned to 100k) and the HS/PBO function is re-armed. Narrow Loop Bandwidth Control Pin (NBW Pin) A Narrow Loop Bandwidth control pin (NBW pin) is included to adjust the PLL loop bandwidth. In wide bandwidth mode (NBW=0), the internal resistor Rin is 100k . With the NBW pin asserted, the internal resistor Rin is changed to 2100k . This lowers the loop bandwidth by a factor of about 21 (approximately 2100 / 100) and lowers the damping factor by a factor of about 4.6 (the square root of 21), assuming the same loop filter components.
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Power-Up Initialization Function (INIT Pin) The initialization function provides a short-term override of the narrow bandwidth mode when the device is powered up in order to facilitate phase locking. When INIT is set to logic 1, initialization is enabled. With NBW set to logic 1 (narrow bandwidth mode), the initialization function puts the PLL into wide bandwidth mode until eight consecutive phase detector cycles occur without a single LOL event. Once the eight valid PLL locked states have occurred, the PLL bandwidth is automatically reduced to narrow bandwidth mode. When INIT is logic 0, the device is forced into wide bandwidth mode unconditionally. External Loop Filter The M1040 requires the use of an external loop filter components. These are connected to the provided filter pins (see Figure 5).
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information Because of the differential signal path design, the implementation consists of two identical complementary RC filters as shown in Figure 5.
RLOOP CLOOP RPOST CPOST CPOST RLOOP OP_IN
4 9
CLOOP OP_OUT
8 5
RPOST nOP_OUT nVC
6 7
nOP_IN
VC
Figure 5: External Loop Filter
PLL bandwidth is affected by the total "M" (feedback divider) value, loop filter component values, and other device parameters. See Table 6, Example External Loop Filter Component Values, below. PLL Simulator Tool Available A free PC software utility is available on the ICS website (www.icst.com). The M2000 Timing Modules PLL Simulator is a downloadable application that simulates PLL jitter and wander transfer characteristics. This enables the user to set appropriate external loop component values in a given application.
For guidance on device or loop filter implementation, contact CMBU (Commercial Business Unit) Product Applications at (508) 852-5400.
Example External Loop Filter Component Values1 for M1040-yz-155.5200
VCSO Parameters: KVCO = 200kHz/V, RIN = 100k (pin NBW = 0), VCSO Bandwidth = 700kHz. Device Configuration Example External Loop Filter Comp. Values FVCSO MR_SEL2:0 MDiv NBW RLOOP CLOOP RPOST CPOST (MHz) Nominal Performance Using These Values
(MHz)
FREF
PLL Loop Bandwidth 315Hz 715Hz 275Hz 980Hz 260Hz
Damping Passband Factor Peaking (dB) 5.4 6.2 3.1 6.0 3.0 0.07 0.05 0.20 0.05 0.20
19.44 2 77.76
3
155.52 155.52 155.52 155.52 155.52
000 010 100 101
8 2 1 8
0 0 0 0 0
6.8k 3.9k 12k 2.7k 5.6k
10F 10F 2.2F 10F 4.7F
82k 33k 82k 47k 82k
1000pF 1000pF 1000pF 470pF 1000pF
77.76 2 155.52 3 155.52 2
0 1 1 16
Table 6: Example External Loop Filter Component Values
Note 1: KVCO , VCSO Bandwidth, M Divider Value, and External Loop Filter Component Values determine Loop Bandwidth, Damping Factor, and Passband Peaking. For PLL Simulator software, go to www.icst.com. Note 2: Optimal for system clock filtering. Note 3: Optimal for loop timing mode (LOL or Hitless Switching should not be used).
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M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS1
Symbol Parameter Rating Unit
VI VO VCC TS
Inputs Outputs Power Supply Voltage Storage Temperature
-0.5 to VCC +0.5 -0.5 to VCC +0.5
4.6
V V V
o
-45 to +100
C
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These ratings are stress specifications only. Functional operation of product at these conditions or any conditions beyond those listed in Recommended Conditions of Operation, DC Characteristics, or AC Characteristics is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability.
Table 7: Absolute Maximum Ratings
RECOMMENDED CONDITIONS OF OPERATION
Symbol Parameter Min 3.135 Typ 3.3 Max 3.465 Unit
VCC TA
Positive Supply Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature
V
oC oC
Commercial Industrial
0 -40
+70 +85
Table 8: Recommended Conditions of Operation
M1040 Datasheet Rev 0.1 Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
9 of 12 Communications Modules
Revised 11Nov2003 w w w. i c s t . c o m
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Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
DC Characteristics
Unless stated otherwise, VCC = 3.3V +5%,TA = 0 oC to +70 oC (commercial), TA = -40 oC to +85 oC (industrial), FVCSO = FOUT = 150-175MHz, LVPECL outputs terminated with 50 to VCC - 2V
Symbol Parameter
Min 3.135
Typ 3.3 175
Max 3.465 225
Unit Conditions
Power Supply VCC ICC All Differential Inputs Differential Inputs with Pull-down Differential Inputs Biased to VCC/2 All LVCMOS / LVTTL Inputs LVCMOS / LVTTL Inputs with Pull-down LVCMOS / LVTTL Inputs with Pull-UP Differential Outputs VP-P VCMR CIN IIH IIL IIH IIL Rbias VIH VIL CIN IIH IIL IIH IIL Rpullup VOH VOL VP-P LVCMOS Outputs VOH VOL
Positive Supply Voltage Power Supply Current Peak to Peak Input Voltage Common Mode Input Input Capacitance Input High Current (Pull-down) Input Low Current (Pull-down) Input High Current (Biased) Input Low Current (Biased) Biased to Vcc/2 Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input Capacitance Input High Current (Pull-down) Input Low Current (Pull-down) Input High Current (Pull-UP) Input Low Current (Pull-UP) Internal Pull-UP Resistance Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Peak to Peak Output Voltage 1 Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage
FOUT1, nFOUT1 FOUT0, nFOUT0 MR_SEL2, MR_SEL1, MR_SEL0, INIT, NBW AUTO, REF_SEL, P_SEL AUTO, REF_SEL,, P_SEL, MR_SEL2, MR_SEL1, MR_SEL0, INIT, NBW nDIF_REF0, nDIF_REF1 DIF_REF0, DIF_REF1 DIF_REF0, nDIF_REF0, DIF_REF1, nDIF_REF1
V mA V
0.15 0.5
Vcc - .85 V 4
pF A A k
VCC = VIN = 3.456V
150 -5
50 150
Rpulldown Internal Pull-down Resistance -150
A A
VIN = 0 to 3.456V
See Figure 4
2
Vcc + 0.3 V 0.8 4
-0.3
V pF A A k
VCC = VIN = 3.456V
150 -5
50
Rpulldown Internal Pull-down Resistance -150
5
50 Vcc - 1.4 Vcc - 2.0 0.4 2.4 LOL, REF_ACK GND
A A k
VCC = 3.456V VIN = 0 V
Vcc - 1.0 V Vcc - 1.7 V 0.85
V V V IOH= 1mA IOL= 1mA
VCC
0.4
Note 1: Single-ended measurement. See Figure 6, Input and Output Rise and Fall Time, on pg. 11.
Table 9: DC Characteristics
M1040 Datasheet Rev 0.1 Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
10 of 12 Communications Modules
Revised 11Nov2003 w w w. i c s t . c o m
tel (508) 852-5400
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
Preliminary Information
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED)
AC Characteristics
Unless stated otherwise, VCC = 3.3V +5%,TA = 0 oC to +70 oC (commercial), TA = -40 oC to +85 oC (industrial), FVCSO = FOUT = 150-175MHz, LVPECL outputs terminated with 50 to VCC - 2V
Symbol Parameter
Min DIF_REF0, nDIF_REF0, DIF_REF1, nDIF_REF1 FOUT0, nFOUT0, FOUT1, nFOUT1 Commercial Industrial 15 62.5
Typ
Max 700 175
Unit Conditions
FIN FOUT APR KVCO PLL Loop Constants 1 RIN
Input Frequency Output Frequency Absolute Pull-Range of VCSO VCO Gain
MHz MHz ppm ppm kHz/V k k kHz dBc/Hz Fin=19.44_MHz dBc/Hz Tot. PLL ratio = 8. See pg. 3 dBc/Hz
120 50
200 150
200 100 2100 700
Wide Bandwidth
Internal Loop Resistor
Narrow Bandwidth
BWVCSO VCSO Bandwidth n J(t) odc tR tF Single Side Band Phase Noise @155.52MHz Jitter (rms) @155.52MHz Output Duty Cycle 2 Output Rise Time
2
1kHz Offset 10kHz Offset 100kHz Offset 12kHz to 20MHz 45
Phase Noise and Jitter
-72 -94 -123
0.4 50 450 450 0.6 55 550 550
ps % ps ps
20% to 80% 20% to 80%
for
FOUT0, nFOUT0, FOUT1, nFOUT1
350 350
Output Fall Time 2 for
FOUT0, nFOUT0, FOUT1, nFOUT1
Table 10: AC Characteristics
Note 1: Parameters needed for PLL Simulator software; see Table 6, Example External Loop Filter Component Values, on pg. 8. Note 2: See Parameter Measurement Information on pg. 11.
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
Input and Output Rise and Fall Time
80% Clock Inputs 20% and Outputs 80% VP-P tR 20% tF FOUT odc = tPW tPERIOD tPW (Output Pulse Width) tPERIOD
Output Duty Cycle
nFOUT
Figure 6: Input and Output Rise and Fall Time
Differential Input Level
VCC - 0.85 nDIF_CLK VP-P DIF_CLK + 0.5 Cross Points VCMR
Figure 8: Output Duty Cycle
Figure 7: Differential Input Level
M1040 Datasheet Rev 0.1 Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
11 of 12 Communications Modules
Revised 11Nov2003 w w w. i c s t . c o m
tel (508) 852-5400
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
Preliminary Information
M1040
VCSO BASED CLOCK PLL WITH AUTOSWITCH
DEVICE PACKAGE - 9 x 9mm CERAMIC LEADLESS CHIP CARRIER
Mechanical Dimensions:
Figure 9: Device Package - 9 x 9mm Ceramic Leadless Chip Carrier
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Numbering Scheme Part Number:
Standard VCSO Output Frequencies (MHz)* 155.5200 167.3280 167.3316 167.7097 168.0400 172.6423 173.3708
M1040- 1z - xxx.xxxx
156.2500 156.8324 161.1328 166.6286 167.2820
Output type 1 = LVPECL (For CML or LVDS clock output, consult factory) Hitless Switching / Phase Build-out Options 1 = none 2 = Hitless Switching 3 = Hitless Switching with Phase Build-out Temperature " - " = 0 to +70 oC (commercial) I = - 40 to +85 oC (industrial) PLL Frequency (MHz) See Table 11, right. Consult ICS for other frequencies.
Table 11: Standard VCSO Output Frequencies
Figure 10: Part Numbering Scheme
*
Fout can equal Fvcso divided by: 1 or 2
Consult ICS for the availability of other VCSO frequencies.
Example Part Numbers
VCSO Frequency (MHz) Temperature 155.52 156.25
commercial industrial commercial industrial
Order Part Number (Examples) M1040- 11 - 155.5200 M1040- 11I 155.5200 M1040 - 11 - 156.2500 M1040- 11I 156.2500
Table 12: Example Part Numbers
While the information presented herein has been checked for both accuracy and reliability, Integrated Circuit Systems (ICS) assumes no responsibility for either its use or for the infringement of any patents or other rights of third parties, which would result from its use. No other circuits, patents, or licenses are implied. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Any other applications such as those requiring extended temperature range, high reliability, or other extraordinary environmental requirements are not recommended without additional processing by ICS. ICS reserves the right to change any circuitry or specifications without notice. ICS does not authorize or warrant any ICS product for use in life support devices or critical medical instruments. M1040 Datasheet Rev 0.1 Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
12 of 12 Communications Modules
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