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TCD2905D
TOSHIBA CCD Image Sensor CCD (charge coupled device)
TCD2905D
The TCD2905D is a high sensitive and low dark current 5400 elements x 6 line CCD color image sensor which includes CCD drive circuit and clamp circuit. The sensor is designed for scanner. The device contains a row of 5400 elements x 6 line staggered photodiodes which provide a 48 lines/mm (1200 dpi) across a A4 size paper. The device is operated by 5 V pulse and 12 V power supply.
Features
* * * * * * * * * Number of Image Sensing Elements: 5400 elements x 6 line Image Sensing Element Size: 5.25 m by 5.25 m on 5.25 m Photo Sensing Region: High sensitive and low dark current PN photodiode Distanced Between Photodiode Array: 63 m (12 lines) Clock: 2 phase (5 V) Power Supply:12 V Power Supply Voltage Internal Circuit: Clamp Circuit Package: 22 pin CERDIP Package Color Filter: Red, Green, Blue
OS3 SS
RS CP
Weight: 4.5 g (typ.)
Pin Connections (top view)
1 1 1 2 3 4 5 G R 6 7 8 9 10800 10800 10800 B 1 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 OS2 OS1 OD
SW
Maximum Ratings (Note1)
Characteristic Clock pulse voltage Shift pulse voltage Reset pulse voltage Clamp pulse voltage Switch pulse voltage Power supply voltage Operating temperature Storage temperature Symbol VBA VSH
V RS V CP V SW
Rating
Unit NC NC NC NC NC f2A1 f1A1 SH1 SH2
-0.3~8.0
V
NC f2A2
VOD Topr Tstg
-0.3~15 0~60 -25~85
V C C
f1A2
SH3 10 SS 11
Note 1: All voltage are with respect to SS terminals (ground).
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Block Diagram
OD 20
SW
f2A1 15
f1A1 14
19
CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 1 SHIFT GATE 1 ...... PHOTO ... DIODE (B) ... (odd line) S10796 S10797 S10798 S10799 S10800 D64 D65 D66 D14 D16 D18 D60 D62 S1 S3 S5 ... D74 D76 13 SH1
OS1 21
CLAMP D13 D15 D17 D59 D61 D63 S2 S4 ......
PHOTO ... DIODE (B) ... (even line)
...
SHIFT GATE 2 CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 2
CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 3 SHIFT GATE 3 ...... PHOTO ... DIODE (G) ... (odd line) S10796 S10797 S10798 S10799 S10800 D46 D65 D66 D14 D16 D18 D60 D62 S1 S3 S5 ... D74 D76 12 SH2
OS2 22
CLAMP D13 D15 D17 D59 D61 D63 S2 S4 ......
PHOTO ... DIODE (G) ... (even line)
...
SHIFT GATE 4 CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 4
CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 5 SHIFT GATE 5 ...... PHOTO ... DIODE (R) ... (odd line) S10796 S10797 S10798 S10799 S10800 D64 D65 D66 D14 D16 D18 D60 D62 S1 S3 S5 ... D74 D76 10 SH3
OS3 1
CLAMP D13 D15 D17 D59 D61 D63 S2 S4 ......
PHOTO ... DIODE (R) ... (even line)
...
SHIFT GATE 6 CCD ANALOG SHIFT REGISTER 6
4
CP
3
RS
8 f2A2
9 f1A2
D73 D75
D73 D75
D73 D75
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Pin Names
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Symbol OS3 SS
RS CP
Name Signal Output 3 (red) Ground Reset Gate Clamp Gate Non Connection Non Connection Non Connection Clock 2 (phase 2) Clock 2 (phase 1) Shift Gate 3 Ground
Pin No. 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Symbol SH2 SH1 f1A1 f2A1 NC NC NC
SW
Name Shift Gate 2 Shift Gate 1 Clock 1 (phase 1) Clock 1 (phase 2) Non Connection Non Connection Non Connection Switch Gate Power Signal Output 1 (blue) Signal Output 2 (green)
NC NC NC f2A2 f1A2 SH3 SS
OD OS1 OS2
Optical/Electrical Characteristics
(Ta = 25C, VOD = 12 V, VSW = 5 V, VB = VSH = VRS = VCP = 5 V (pulse), fB = 1 MHz, fRS = 2 MHz, tINT = 11 ms, light source = a light source + CM500S filter (t = 1 mm), load resistance = 100 kW) W
Characteristics Red Sensitivity Green Blue Photo response non uniformity PRNU (3) Register imbalance Saturation output voltage Saturation exposure Dark signal voltage Dark signal non uniformity DC power dissipation Total transfer efficiency Output impedance DC output voltage Reset noise Random noise RI VSAT SE VDRK DSNU PD TTE ZO VOS VRSN NDI Symbol R (R) R (G) R (B) PRNU (1) Min 3.2 4.4 2.5 3/4 3/4 3/4 2.0 0.24 3/4 3/4 3/4 92 5.0 3/4 3/4 Typ. 4.7 6.4 3.7 10 3 1 2.5 0.39 0.5 2.0 480 98 0.3 6.0 0.3 0.9 2.0 7.0 650 3/4 1.0 7.0 3/4 3/4 Max 6.2 8.4 4.9 20 12 3/4 3/4 % mV % V lxs mV mV mW % kW V V mV (Note9) (Note9) (Note10) (Note3) (Note4) (Note5) (Note6) (Note7) (Note8) (Note8) V/lxs (Note2) Unit Note
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Note 2: Sensitivity is defined for each color of signal outputs average when the photosensitive surface is applied with the light of uniform illumination and uniform color temperature. Note 3: PRNU (1) is defined for each color on a single chip by the expressions below when the photosensitive surface is applied with the light of uniform illumination and uniform color temperature. DX PRNU (1) = 100 (%) X Where X is average of total signal output and DX is the maximum deviation from X . The amount of incident light is shown below. Red = 1/2SE Green = 1/2SE Blue = 1/4SE Note 4: PRNU (3) is defined as maximum voltage with next pixel, where measured at 5% of SE (typ.) Note 5: Register imbalance is defined as follows.
10799 a xn - x (n + 1) n =1 RI = * 100 (%) 10799 * X
Note 6: VSAT is defined as minimum saturation output of all effective pixels. Note 7: Definition of SE SE = VSAT (lxs) RG
Note 8: VDRK is defined as average dark signal voltage of all effective pixels. DSNU is defined as different voltage between VDRK and VMDK when VMDK is maximum dark signal voltage.
VDRK VMDK DSNU
Note 9: DC signal output voltage is defined as follows. Reset Noise Voltage is defined as follows.
VRSN
OS
VMS VOS
SS
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Note 10: Random noise is defined as the standard deviation (sigma) of the output level difference between two adjacent effective pixels under no illumination (i.e. dark conditions) calculated by the following procedure.
video output Output waveform (effective pixels under dark condition) 200 ns 200 ns pixel (n) DV video output
pixel (n + 1)
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Two adjacent pixels (pixel n and n + 1) after reference level clamp in one reading are fixed as measurement points. Each of the output level at video output periods averaged over 200 ns period to get V (n) and V (n + 1). V (n + 1) is subtracted from V (n) to get DV. DV = V (n) - V (n + 1) The standard deviation of DV is calculated after procedure (2) and (3) are repeated 30 times (30 readings).
DV = 1 30 a DVi 30 i =1
s=
2 1 a ( DViDV ) 30 i =1
30
(5) (6)
Procedure (2), (3) and (4) are repeated 10 times to get sigma value. 10 sigma values are averaged.
s = 1 asj 10 j=1
10
(7)
I value calculated using the above procedure is observed 2 times larger than that measured relative to the ground level. So we specify random noise as follows.
N Ds = 1 s 2
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Operating Condition
Characteristics Clock pulse voltage "H" Level "L" Level "H" Level Shift pulse voltage "L" Level "H" Level Reset pulse voltage "L" Level "H" Level Clamp pulse voltage "L" Level "H" Level Switch pulse voltage "L" Level Power supply voltage
V SW V CP V RS
Symbol VBA
Min 4.5 0 4.5
Typ. 5.0 0 5.0 0 5.0 0 5.0 0 5.0 0 12.0
Max 5.5 0.3 5.5
Unit V
VSH
V 0 4.5 0 4.5 0 4.5 0 11.4 0.5 5.5 V 0.5 5.5 V 0.5 5.5 V 0.5 13.0 V
VOD
Clock Characteristics (Ta = 25C)
Characteristics Clock pulse frequency Reset pulse frequency Clamp pulse frequency Clock capacitance Shift gate capacitance Reset gate capacitance Clamp gate capacitance Switch gate capacitance (Note 11) Symbol fBA
f RS f CP
Min 0.15 0.3 0.3 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4
Typ. 1.0 2.0 2.0 400 50 10 10 10
Max 5.0 10.0 10.0 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4
Unit MHz MHz MHz pF pF pF pF pF
CBA CSH
CRS CCP CSW
Note 11: VOD = 12 V
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Timing Chart (bit clamp mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP
SW ("H")
D68 D67 D66 D65 D64 S10800 S10799
D77 D76 D75 D74
D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 S3 S2
S1 D63 D62 D61 D60 D59 D58
D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (13 elements) (4 elements)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (47 elements)
TEST OUTPUTS (2 elements) (4 elements) DUMMY OUTPUTS (7 elements) SIGNAL OUTPUTS (10800 elements) DUMMY OUTPUTS (14 elements) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (64 elements)
1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (10878 elements)
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Timing Chart (line clamp mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP = SH
SW ("H")
D68 D67 D66 D65 D64 S10800 S10799
D77 D76 D75 D74
D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 S3 S2
S1 D63 D62 D61 D60 D59 D58
D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (13 elements) (4 elements)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (47 elements)
TEST OUTPUTS (2 elements) (4 elements) DUMMY OUTPUTS (7 elements) SIGNAL OUTPUTS (10800 elements) DUMMY OUTPUTS (14 elements) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (64 elements)
1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (10878 elements)
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Timing Requirements
t2 SH t1 f1A t5 f2 GND 3.5 V (max) 1.5 V (min) 3.5 V (max) 1.5 V (min) t3 t4
f1
RS
t20
CP
f1 t6 f2
10% t7
10%
RS
t15 t9
CP
t14
t8
t10
t16 t12
t17
t11
t13
10% to the peak OS (bit clamp mode) 10% Video signal Peak t18 10%
10% to the peak
Peak
t18
10% to the peak OS (line clamp mode) Video signal t19 t19
10% to the peak
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Characteristics Pulse timing of SH and f1 SH pulse rise time, fall time SH pulse width f1, f2 pulse rise time, fall time
RS pulse rise time, fall time RS pulse width CP pulse rise time, fall time CP pulse width
Symbol t1 t5 t2, t4 t3 t6, t7 t8, t10 t9 t11, t13 t12 t14 t15 t16, t17 t18
Min 110 800 0 3000 0 0 15 0 25 10 0 3/4 3/4 3/4 0
Typ. (Note 12) 1000 1000 50 5000 50 20 100 20 100 40 100 20 20 35 500
Max 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4
Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Pulse timing of f1A, f2A and CP Pulse timing of RS and CP Video data delay time Reference level settle time (Note 13)
t19 Pulse timing of SH and CP t20
Note 12: Typ. is the case of ff = 1.0 MHz. Note 13: Load resistance is 100 kW.
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Typical Spectral Response
Spectral Response
1.0 Ta = 25C Red 0.8
Relative response
Blue 0.6
Green
0.4
0.2
0 400
450
500
550
600
650
700
Wavelength l
(nm)
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TCD2905D
Typical Drive Circuit
+5 V 0.1 mF/25 V
12 V
f1A1 f1A2
0.1 mF/25 V
f2A1 f2A2
10 mF/25 V
IC1 22 21 20 19
SW
18 NC
17 NC
16
15
14
13
12
OS2 OS1 OD
NC f2A1 f1A1 SH1 SH2
TCD2905D OS3 SS 1 2
RS CP
NC 5
NC 6
NC f2A2 f1A2 SH3 7 8 9 10
SS 11
3
4
+12 V
+5 V 0.1 mF/25 V
0.1 mF/25 V R1 10 mF/25 V TR1 OS1 OS2 OS3 R2 R2 R2 TR2 TR3 R1 R1
R1
R1
R1
SW
SH1 SH2 SH3
CP RS
IC2 IC1, 2: TC74HC04AP TR1, 2, 3: 2SC1815-Y R1: 150 W R2: 1500 W
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Caution
1. Window Glass
The dust and stain on the glass window of the package degrade optical performance of CCD sensor. Keep the glass window clean by saturating a cotton swab in alcohol and lightly wiping the surface, and allow the glass to dry, by blowing with filtered dry N2. Care should be taken to avoid mechanical or thermal shock because the glass window is easily to damage.
2. Electrostatic Breakdown
Store in shorting clip or in conductive foam to avoid electrostatic breakdown. CCD Image Sensor is protected against static electricity, but inferior puncture mode device due to static electricity is sometimes detected. In handing the device, it is necessary to execute the following static electricity preventive measures, in order to prevent the trouble rate increase of the manufacturing system due to static electricity.
a. b. c.
Prevent the generation of static electricity due to friction by making the work with bare hands or by putting on cotton gloves and non-charging working clothes. Discharge the static electricity by providing earth plate or earth wire on the floor, door or stand of the work room. Ground the tools such as soldering iron, radio cutting pliers of or pincer. It is not necessarily required to execute all precaution items for static electricity. It is all right to mitigate the precautions by confirming that the trouble rate within the prescribed range.
3. Incident Light
CCD sensor is sensitive to infrared light. Note that infrared light component degrades resolution and PRNU of CCD sensor.
4. Lead Frame Forming
Since this package is not strong against mechanical stress, you should not reform the lead frame. We recommend to use a IC-inserter when you assemble to PCB.
5. Soldering
Soldering by the solder flow method cannot be guaranteed because this method may have deleterious effects on prevention of window glass soiling and heat resistance. Using a soldering iron, complete soldering within ten seconds for lead temperatures of up to 260C, or within three seconds for lead temperatures of up to 350C.
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Application Note
The TCD2905D can be operated in two modes: Normal Readout Mode and Even Line Readout Mode. Each mode is selected by SW terminal.
SW
Mode Normal Readout Mode Even Line Readout Mode
Application Example 1200 DPI/A4 Reading 600 DPI/A4 Reading
H L
Normal Readout Mode
In Normal Readout Mode, the dummy and signal outputs in odd and even lines are read out. This mode provides 1200 DPI/A4 resolution. The timing for this mode is shown in page 8/21, 9/21 and 10/21.
Even Line Readout Mode
In Even Line Readout Mode, the dummy and signal outputs in even lines are read out. The dummy and signal outputs in odd lines cannot be read out in this mode. This mode provides 600 DPI/A4 resolution. Timing examples for 600 DPI/A4 reading using this mode are shown in page 15/21, 16/21 and 19/21 for reference. In this mode, signal charges of adjacent pixels in even line can be merged at an output stage capacitor using intermittent reset drive. Timing examples for 300 DPI/A4 reading using this mode are shown in page 17/21, 18/21 and 20/21 for reference.
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TCD2905D
Timing Chart (600 dpi mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP
SW ("L")
S10798
S10800
D11 D13 D15
D57
D59
D61
D63
D65
D67
D69
D71
D73
D75
D77
D1 S2 S4
D9
D3
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (6 elements) (2 elements)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (24 elements) (2 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (3 elements)
TEST OUTPUT (1 element) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (32 elements)
SIGNAL OUTPUTS (5400 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (7 elements)
1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (5439 elements)
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Timing Chart (600 dpi/line clamp mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP = SH
SW ("L")
S10798
S10800
D11 D13 D15
D57
D59
D61
D63
D65
D67
D69
D71
D73
D75
D77
D1 S2 S4
D9
D3
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (6 elements) (2 elements)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (24 elements) (2 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (3 elements)
TEST OUTPUT (1 element) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (32 elements)
SIGNAL OUTPUTS (5400 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (7 elements)
1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (5439 elements)
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TCD2905D
Timing Chart (300 dpi mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP
SW ("L")
D65 + D67
S10798 + S10800
D13 + D15
D57 + D59
D61 + D63
D69 + D71
D73 + D75
D9 + D11
D77
D1 + D3 S2 + S4
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (3 elements) (1 element)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (12 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element) (1 element)
TEST OUTPUT (1 element) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (16 elements)
SIGNAL OUTPUTS (2700 elements) 1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (2720 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (4 elements)
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TCD2905D
Timing Chart (300 dpi/line clamp mode)
SH
f1A
f2A
RS
CP = SH
SW ("L")
D65 + D67
S10798 + S10800
D13 + D15
D57 + D59
D61 + D63
D69 + D71
D73 + D75
D9 + D11
D77
D1 + D3 S2 + S4
OS
DUMMY OUTPUTS (3 elements) (1 element)
LIGHT SHIELD OUTPUTS (12 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element) (1 element)
TEST OUTPUT (1 element) DUMMY OUTPUT (1 element)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (16 elements)
SIGNAL OUTPUTS (2700 elements) 1 LINE READOUT PERIOD (2720 elements)
DUMMY OUTPUTS (4 elements)
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TCD2905D
Timing Example
SH
f1A tX
SW ("L" (R) "H")
SW ("H" (R) "L")
Characteristic Pulse timing of SH and SW
Symbol tX
Min 0
Typ. 0
Max 3/4
Unit ns
Timing Example (600 dpi mode: SW = "L")
f1
f2
RS
CP
OS (bit clamp mode)
Video Signal
OS (line clamp mode)
Video Signal
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TCD2905D
Timing Example (300 dpi mode: SW = "L")
f1
f2
RS
CP
OS (bit clamp mode)
Video Signal
OS (line clamp mode)
Video Signal
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TCD2905D
Package Dimensions
Weight: 4.5 g (typ.)
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RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE
000707EBA
* TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the "Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices," or "TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook" etc.. * The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury ("Unintended Usage"). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in this document shall be made at the customer's own risk. * The products described in this document are subject to the foreign exchange and foreign trade laws. * The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA CORPORATION for any infringements of intellectual property or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property or other rights of TOSHIBA CORPORATION or others. * The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
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